The Skin and Vitamin D

January 2012 in “ Human health handbooks ”

Daniel D. Bikle

vitamin D 7-dehydrocholesterol ultraviolet radiation keratinocytes vitamin D receptor VDR hair follicle cycle DRIP SRC hairless Hr β-catenin UV radiation vitamin D3

TLDR The skin produces and uses vitamin D for bone health, cell growth, and immune function.

The document reviewed the role of the skin as the primary source of vitamin D for the body, highlighting its ability to convert 7-dehydrocholesterol to vitamin D3 under ultraviolet radiation. It discussed the importance of vitamin D in regulating bone mineral homeostasis and various non-classical actions such as cell differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. The skin's keratinocytes were noted for their unique ability to metabolize vitamin D to its active form and respond to it via the vitamin D receptor (VDR). The review explored how vitamin D and VDR regulate skin functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation, immunity, hair follicle cycle regulation, and tumor suppression, with regulation involving coregulators like DRIP, SRC, hairless (Hr), and β-catenin.

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Research cited in this study

23 / 23 results

research Quantification of the Vitamin D Receptor-Coregulator Interaction

62 citations , January 2009 in “Biochemistry”

Vitamin D receptor binds similarly to natural and synthetic ligands, affecting gene regulation.

research Vitamin D and Human Health: Lessons from Vitamin D Receptor Null Mice

1533 citations , October 2008 in “Endocrine reviews”

Mice without the vitamin D receptor have bone issues and other health problems, suggesting vitamin D is important for preventing various diseases in humans.

research Inactivation of the Vitamin D Receptor Enhances Susceptibility of Murine Skin to UV-Induced Tumorigenesis

148 citations , May 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Mice without the vitamin D receptor are more prone to UV-induced skin tumors.

research The Vitamin D Receptor Is a Wnt Effector That Controls Hair Follicle Differentiation and Specifies Tumor Type in Adult Epidermis

127 citations , January 2008 in “PloS one”

Vitamin D receptor helps control hair growth and could be used to treat certain skin tumors.

research Vitamin D Receptor Is Essential For Normal Keratinocyte Stem Cell Function

143 citations , May 2007 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences”

Vitamin D receptor is crucial for normal hair growth and preventing hair loss.

research Development and Progression of Alopecia in the Vitamin D Receptor Null Mouse

81 citations , January 2006 in “Journal of cellular physiology”

Mice without the vitamin D receptor gene lose hair due to disrupted hair follicle cycles.

research Hairless Suppresses Vitamin D Receptor Transactivation in Human Keratinocytes

78 citations , November 2005 in “Endocrinology”

Hairless protein can block vitamin D activation in skin cells.

research FOXE1, A New Transcriptional Target Of GLI2, Is Expressed In Human Epidermis And Basal Cell Carcinoma

92 citations , May 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

research Physical And Functional Interaction Between The Vitamin D Receptor And Hairless Corepressor, Two Proteins Required For Hair Cycling

215 citations , September 2003 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry”

Vitamin D receptor and hairless protein are essential for hair growth.

research K6irs1, K6irs2, K6irs3, And K6irs4 Represent The Inner-Root-Sheath-Specific Type II Epithelial Keratins Of The Human Hair Follicle

130 citations , April 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Four specific keratins in hair follicles help understand hair structure and function.

Targeted Expression of Human Vitamin D Receptor in the Skin Promotes the Initiation of the Postnatal Hair Follicle Cycle and Rescues Alopecia in Vitamin D Receptor Null Mice

research Targeted Expression of Human Vitamin D Receptor in the Skin Promotes the Initiation of the Postnatal Hair Follicle Cycle and Rescues Alopecia in Vitamin D Receptor Null Mice

57 citations , April 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Vitamin D receptor is crucial for starting hair growth after birth.

research Lack of the Vitamin D Receptor Is Associated with Reduced Epidermal Differentiation and Hair Follicle Growth

180 citations , January 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Vitamin D Receptor is crucial for normal skin and hair growth.

research Targeting Expression of the Human Vitamin D Receptor to the Keratinocytes of Vitamin D Receptor Null Mice Prevents Alopecia

115 citations , December 2001 in “Endocrinology”

Expressing the human vitamin D receptor in skin cells prevents hair loss in certain mice.

research Atrichia Caused by Mutations in the Vitamin D Receptor Gene Is a Phenocopy of Generalized Atrichia Caused by Mutations in the Hairless Gene

139 citations , September 2001 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Mutations in the Vitamin D receptor gene can cause hair loss similar to mutations in the Hairless gene.

research Extrarenal Expression of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3-1α-Hydroxylase

845 citations , February 2001 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism”

The enzyme for activating vitamin D is found in many body tissues, not just the kidneys.

research Evaluation of Keratinocyte Proliferation and Differentiation in Vitamin D Receptor Knockout Mice

114 citations , June 2000 in “Endocrinology”

Alopecia in VDR knockout mice is due to a defect in hair cycle initiation, not keratinocyte issues.

research Induction of Basal Cell Carcinomas and Trichoepitheliomas in Mice Overexpressing GLI-1

380 citations , March 2000 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences”

Overexpressing GLI-1 in mice skin can cause tumors like human basal cell carcinomas.

research The Role of the Hairless (Hr) Gene in the Regulation of Hair Follicle Catagen Transformation

166 citations , July 1999 in “American Journal Of Pathology”

The hairless (hr) gene is essential for normal hair follicle function and its mutation leads to hair loss.

research Normalization of Mineral Ion Homeostasis by Dietary Means Prevents Hyperparathyroidism, Rickets, and Osteomalacia, But Not Alopecia in Vitamin D Receptor-Ablated Mice

519 citations , October 1998 in “Endocrinology”

Diet can prevent bone issues but not hair loss in mice lacking vitamin D receptors.

research Alopecia Universalis Associated With a Mutation in the Human Hairless Gene

412 citations , January 1998 in “Science”

A mutation in the human hairless gene causes alopecia universalis.

research Analysis of the Relation Between Alopecia and Resistance to 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D

100 citations , October 1986 in “Clinical Endocrinology”

Alopecia indicates more severe resistance to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.

research Calcitriol-Resistant Rickets With Alopecia

55 citations , May 1985 in “Archives of Dermatology”

Calcitriol-resistant rickets is an inherited disorder that affects hair growth and causes hair loss.

research Topographical and Developmental Studies on Target Sites of 1,25 (OH)₂ Vitamin D₃ in Skin

70 citations , November 1984 in “Cell & tissue research/Cell and tissue research”

Vitamin D3 affects cell differentiation in specific skin areas.

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Research cited in this study

research Quantification of the Vitamin D Receptor-Coregulator Interaction

research Vitamin D and Human Health: Lessons from Vitamin D Receptor Null Mice

research Inactivation of the Vitamin D Receptor Enhances Susceptibility of Murine Skin to UV-Induced Tumorigenesis

research The Vitamin D Receptor Is a Wnt Effector That Controls Hair Follicle Differentiation and Specifies Tumor Type in Adult Epidermis

research Vitamin D Receptor Is Essential For Normal Keratinocyte Stem Cell Function

research Development and Progression of Alopecia in the Vitamin D Receptor Null Mouse

research Hairless Suppresses Vitamin D Receptor Transactivation in Human Keratinocytes

research FOXE1, A New Transcriptional Target Of GLI2, Is Expressed In Human Epidermis And Basal Cell Carcinoma

research Physical And Functional Interaction Between The Vitamin D Receptor And Hairless Corepressor, Two Proteins Required For Hair Cycling

research K6irs1, K6irs2, K6irs3, And K6irs4 Represent The Inner-Root-Sheath-Specific Type II Epithelial Keratins Of The Human Hair Follicle

research Targeted Expression of Human Vitamin D Receptor in the Skin Promotes the Initiation of the Postnatal Hair Follicle Cycle and Rescues Alopecia in Vitamin D Receptor Null Mice

research Lack of the Vitamin D Receptor Is Associated with Reduced Epidermal Differentiation and Hair Follicle Growth

research Targeting Expression of the Human Vitamin D Receptor to the Keratinocytes of Vitamin D Receptor Null Mice Prevents Alopecia

research Atrichia Caused by Mutations in the Vitamin D Receptor Gene Is a Phenocopy of Generalized Atrichia Caused by Mutations in the Hairless Gene

research Extrarenal Expression of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3-1α-Hydroxylase

research Evaluation of Keratinocyte Proliferation and Differentiation in Vitamin D Receptor Knockout Mice

research Induction of Basal Cell Carcinomas and Trichoepitheliomas in Mice Overexpressing GLI-1

research The Role of the Hairless (Hr) Gene in the Regulation of Hair Follicle Catagen Transformation

research Normalization of Mineral Ion Homeostasis by Dietary Means Prevents Hyperparathyroidism, Rickets, and Osteomalacia, But Not Alopecia in Vitamin D Receptor-Ablated Mice

research Alopecia Universalis Associated With a Mutation in the Human Hairless Gene

research Analysis of the Relation Between Alopecia and Resistance to 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D

research Calcitriol-Resistant Rickets With Alopecia

research Topographical and Developmental Studies on Target Sites of 1,25 (OH)₂ Vitamin D₃ in Skin

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