Neutrophils Promote CXCR3-Dependent Itch in the Development of Atopic Dermatitis

In 2019, a study using a mouse model for atopic dermatitis found that early neutrophilic infiltration in affected skin was responsible for initial itch responses. The researchers demonstrated that depleting neutrophils significantly reduced scratching behavior and other chronic itch indicators. They also discovered that neutrophils were necessary for producing itch-inducing chemokines like CXCL10. Inhibiting CXCR3, a receptor for CXCL10, also suppressed itch. The study suggested that targeting the CXCL10/CXCR3 pathway could be a potential treatment for itch associated with atopic dermatitis. However, the study faced criticism regarding the number of animals used, variations across different time points, and the persistence of increased neutrophil numbers into the chronic stage of the condition.