Molecular Mediators Involved in Skin Healing: A Narrative Review

This narrative review examined the roles of various molecular mediators in the skin healing process, focusing on inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling phases. Key mediators such as PDGF, IL-1, TNF-α, KGF, TGF-β, VEGF, MMP-9, TIMP-1, IFN-γ, and NF-kB were identified for their contributions to different stages of wound healing. PDGF was involved in inflammation and fibroblast proliferation, while IL-1 and TNF-α regulated inflammation and immune responses. KGF and TGF-β were crucial for keratinocyte activity, and VEGF facilitated angiogenesis. MMP-9 and TIMP-1 regulated ECM remodeling, and IFN-γ influenced inflammation and collagen synthesis. Understanding these mediators was seen as crucial for advancing wound therapy and developing new treatments for skin disorders.