Mendelian Randomization Identifies CD25+ CD4+ Tregs and Plasma Proteins in Androgenetic Alopecia Pathogenesis

November 2025 in “ Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology ”

Yimei Du, Yongkun Du, Yutao Yu, Yuanbo Huang, Weixin Fan, Lei Wang

androgenetic alopecia CD25 CD4 Treg cells plasma proteins immune system AGA

TLDR Immune cells and plasma proteins are linked to hair loss, suggesting new treatment options.

The study identified a causal link between specific immune cell phenotypes, notably CD25 on secreting CD4 Treg cells, and androgenetic alopecia (AGA), with plasma proteins playing a mediating role. These results offer new understanding of the immunological mechanisms involved in AGA and propose potential therapeutic strategies targeting the immune system.

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Research cited in this study

research CXCL12 Drives Reversible Fibroimmune Remodeling in Androgenetic Alopecia Revealed by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing

research Recent Approaches of Antibody Therapeutics in Androgenetic Alopecia

research Hydrogel Forming Microneedles Loaded With VEGF and Ritlecitinib/Polyhydroxyalkanoates Nanoparticles for Mini-Invasive Androgenetic Alopecia Treatment

research CXCL12 Neutralizing Antibody Promotes Hair Growth in Androgenic Alopecia and Alopecia Areata

research Regulatory T Cells in Skin Mediate Immune Privilege of the Hair Follicle Stem Cell Niche

research Perifollicular Inflammation and Follicular Spongiosis in Androgenetic Alopecia

research At The Crossroads Of Two Alopecias: Androgenetic Alopecia Pattern Of Hair Regrowth In Patients With Alopecia Areata Treated With Oral Janus Kinase Inhibitors

research A Subset of TREM2+ Dermal Macrophages Secretes Oncostatin M to Maintain Hair Follicle Stem Cell Quiescence and Inhibit Hair Growth

research Oxidative Stress-Associated Senescence in Dermal Papilla Cells of Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

research Male Pattern Alopecia: A Histopathologic and Histochemical Study

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