Serum Granulysin Levels in Vitiligo and Alopecia Areata: A Potential Biomarker for Disease Activity and Dermoscopic Evaluation

This study examined serum granulysin (GNLY) levels in 80 participants, including 65 patients with vitiligo or alopecia areata (AA) and 15 healthy controls, to evaluate its potential as a biomarker for disease activity. Results indicated that GNLY levels were significantly higher in patients with active vitiligo and AA compared to stable cases and controls, suggesting its role in monitoring these autoimmune conditions. The study also found a strong correlation between GNLY levels and clinical indices like the Vitiligo Disease Activity (VIDA) score, highlighting GNLY's potential in assessing disease severity and aiding in personalized patient management. Despite limitations such as a modest sample size, the findings propose GNLY as a promising marker for disease activity and a potential therapeutic target.