Use of Waste from the Food Industry and Applications of the Fermentation Process to Create Sustainable Cosmetic Products: A Review

The document reviews the growing interest in sustainable cosmetic products, driven by the circular economy and the European Green Deal. It highlights the importance of reducing waste and energy consumption in cosmetic production, from sourcing raw materials to packaging. A key focus is on using agro-food by-products and waste, which contain valuable bioactive compounds, to create cosmetic raw materials. The paper emphasizes the role of fermentation in designing sustainable cosmetics and the importance of low-energy emulsification processes to reduce carbon footprints while preserving raw material properties.