Identification of Differentially Expressed miRNAs in Alopecia Areata That Target Immune-Regulatory Pathways

    April 2017 in “ ˜The œjournal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology ”
    Alice Kwon, E. Wang, Gina M. DeStefano, Anjni Patel, Esther Drill, Sivan Harel, C. Cera, Masoud Tavazoie, Angela M. Christiano
    TLDR Researchers found that certain miRNAs, which affect immune system regulation, are differently expressed in mice with a hair loss condition compared to healthy mice.
    The study investigated the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in alopecia areata (AA) using the C3H/HeJ mouse model. Researchers identified several downregulated miRNAs that target immune-regulatory pathways, including antigen processing (TAP2), JAK/STAT-associated IFNg signaling (miR-100), T cell costimulatory pathways (CTLA4 and ICOS), pro-apoptotic (BAK), and chemoattractant (CXCL11) genes. An inverse correlation was found between miRNA and target gene expression levels, suggesting that miRNA dysregulation may contribute to AA onset. The findings highlighted miRNA dysregulation as a potential epigenetic mechanism in AA pathogenesis, addressing the "missing heritability" in the disease.
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