Cutaneous Extramedullary Hematopoiesis: Implications in Human Disease and Treatment

The 2019 document discussed Cutaneous Extramedullary Haematopoiesis (CEMH), a process where blood cells are produced in the skin, often in response to diseases or conditions. In neonates, it's associated with a "blueberry muffin rash" and can occur due to issues affecting bone marrow production. In adults, it's been observed in diseases like primary idiopathic myelofibrosis. The mechanism behind CEMH is unclear, but it may be an adaptive stress response. The document also suggested the skin's microbiome may play a role in promoting haematopoietic stem cell infiltration and differentiation into the skin. The hair follicle was identified as a stem cell niche capable of regenerating epidermis and housing Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs), which could revolutionize the treatment of dermatological and hematological conditions.