Vasodilator used on the scalp and, at low doses, as a tablet
- Minoxidil 2%, 5% and 10% which is better to use? In a randomized trial in men, 5% topical minoxidil produced more hair growth than 2%, and in one small trial 10% did not beat 5% and caused more irritation. No 10% product is approved in the US, and approved strengths differ by sex, so check the label for your product.
- Does caffeine stimulate hair growth or only slow hair loss? Caffeine stimulates hair follicles in laboratory cultures, and one open-label, manufacturer-funded trial in 210 men found a 0.2% caffeine topical non-inferior to minoxidil 5% on an anagen-ratio endpoint. A 2025 systematic review found only a few small controlled trials, mostly rated low or very low quality, and none in alopecia areata.
Topical androgen-receptor blocker, approved as an acne cream
Experimental topical anti-androgen, also known as KX-826
Antihistamine allergy medicine
Technique that makes tiny punctures in the scalp with fine needles