251 citations,
October 2014 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.
129 citations,
January 2019 in “Clinical medicine insights” Obesity worsens PCOS symptoms, and PCOS may lead to more weight gain; managing both requires a holistic approach that includes mental health.
75 citations,
July 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Taking low-dose spironolactone and metformin together works better for PCOS symptoms than either drug alone.
61 citations,
February 2001 in “American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology” Metabolic syndrome and PCOS are related but separate conditions, with metabolic syndrome increasing the risk of heart disease and diabetes.
29 citations,
March 2010 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Lipocalin-2 levels are higher in women with PCOS and may indicate insulin resistance.
28 citations,
February 2011 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Women with PCOS have unhealthy changes in their cholesterol particles that are not related to their body weight.
7 citations,
November 2003 in “Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology” Metformin helps improve symptoms and reproductive outcomes in people with polycystic ovary syndrome.
July 2017 in “Cardiologia Croatica” Metabolic syndrome's individual issues are real and need treatment to reduce diabetes and heart disease risks.
September 2012 in “African Journal of Urology” Testosterone replacement therapy improves libido, mood, muscle strength, and bone density in men with Testosterone Deficiency Syndrome.
Obesity is linked to many gastrointestinal diseases and needs more research for treatment development.
1540 citations,
October 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” The report concludes that PCOS is mainly a condition of excess male hormones and its definition may change as new information is discovered.
430 citations,
July 2002 in “Journal of Endocrinology” The hypothesis suggests that PCOS may start early in life due to genetic and environmental factors, influencing future reproductive and metabolic problems.
359 citations,
September 2017 in “European Journal of Epidemiology” The Rotterdam Study updated findings on elderly health, focusing on heart disease, genetics, lifestyle effects, and disease understanding.
266 citations,
November 2013 in “European Journal of Epidemiology” The Rotterdam Study aims to understand disease causes in the elderly and has found new risk factors and genetic influences on various conditions.
222 citations,
January 2014 in “International journal of reproductive medicine” Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.
200 citations,
October 2009 in “European journal of endocrinology” Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.
157 citations,
May 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews” Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.
96 citations,
February 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with type 1 diabetes often have polycystic ovary syndrome and excess male hormones, which are frequently undiagnosed.
92 citations,
November 2003 in “The Journals of Gerontology” Testosterone supplements can increase muscle mass and strength in older men with low levels, but long-term effects and risks need more research.
90 citations,
January 2021 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Obesity increases the risk of developing polycystic ovary syndrome, and weight loss can improve the condition.
88 citations,
May 2012 in “Human Reproduction Update” Women with PCOS may take longer to get pregnant but can have a normal family size, and should manage their overall health to reduce long-term health risks.
71 citations,
January 2014 in “Journal of Proteome Research” Women with PCOS have different levels of certain fats and proteins in their blood, which could help diagnose the condition.
69 citations,
December 2005 in “Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism” Blocking the enzyme 11β-HSD1 might help treat obesity and metabolic issues.
60 citations,
September 2001 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Insulin resistance contributes to hormone imbalances in many women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
50 citations,
February 2007 in “Clinical obstetrics and gynecology” Early detection and treatment of PCOS in teenagers is important to manage symptoms and prevent severe issues.
48 citations,
January 2011 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” The conclusion is that genetic changes in the glucocorticoid receptor can lead to conditions affecting stress response, immunity, and metabolism, requiring personalized treatment.
42 citations,
May 2016 in “Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology” Fat cells are important for tissue repair and stem cell support in various body parts.
24 citations,
October 2017 in “Biomolecules” Some growth factors, while important for normal body functions, can cause diseases when not regulated properly.
23 citations,
December 2017 in “Scientific Reports” ARL15 is important for fat cell development and the release of the hormone adiponectin.
16 citations,
September 2018 in “Clinical Biochemistry” The document concludes that more research is needed to fully understand the causes of PCOS.