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Metformin can help diagnose and treat high testosterone levels in women, often due to insulin resistance rather than a tumor.

Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.

Insufficient androgen action in male fetuses can cause genital development issues due to genetic mutations or environmental chemicals.

Surgery on a 68-year-old woman with an ovarian tumor led to reduced hirsutism and normal testosterone levels.

A rare adrenal tumor in a woman only made DHEA-S, causing hair thinning, and was removed, fixing the hormone level.

The review highlights the need for more research on transgender dermatology, the role of dermatologists in gender affirmation, and the effects of hormone therapy on skin and hair.

Hirsutism in women is mostly caused by polycystic ovary syndrome and idiopathic hyperandrogenism.

Patterned hair loss is relatively common in women and not usually a sign of serious health issues.

Rare ovarian tumors can cause hyperandrogenism, even if imaging appears normal.

Choose oral contraceptives with specific side effects to manage issues like acne and avoid unwanted effects.

No consistent link between genotype and phenotype in 5-α-Reductase type 2 deficiency.

In the Middle Ages, European noblewomen intentionally removed forehead hair to be fashionable, showing how beauty standards can affect the perception of hair loss.

Most women with hirsutism or androgenic alopecia had polycystic ovaries, especially if they had irregular periods.

The human type II 5α-reductase gene, linked to certain male health conditions, has a specific structure and low similarity to other related genes.

The human type II 5α-reductase gene has a specific structure important for understanding certain medical conditions.

5α-reductase inhibitors, like finasteride and dutasteride, effectively treat BPH, male baldness, and hirsutism, with potential for acne and prostate cancer prevention.

Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.

Women with androgen excess, especially those with PCOS, have a much higher risk of heart disease and stroke.

Finasteride temporarily lowers male rat fertility without affecting libido.

Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome, affecting sexual development.

The new progesterone derivatives effectively inhibit 5α-reductase and bind to the androgen receptor.

Hormonal changes during and after pregnancy can cause hair growth changes and hair loss, with treatments available for some conditions.

High levels of male hormones in women without tumors are linked to metabolic problems and can be treated with metformin.

The medication combination did not affect glucose tolerance but increased some cholesterol levels due to its estrogen component.

Ultrasound measurement of the ovarian stroma to total area ratio is not a reliable single predictor of high male hormone levels in Thai women with PCOS, but works better when combined with clinical signs.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is crucial for conditions like male-pattern baldness and acne, and measuring a byproduct, androstanediol glucuronide, is a better way to assess DHT's effects than DHT blood levels.

A man with testotoxicosis was fertile despite low FSH levels, suggesting high testosterone may allow sperm production without FSH.

Women with moderate body hair have higher levels of certain hormones and may benefit from treatment that increases sex hormone-binding protein.

Warming hands improves blood flow in people with systemic sclerosis.

Androstenedione is better than testosterone for diagnosing PCOS in Indian women.