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More research is needed on the health effects of hormone therapy for transgender and nonbinary people.

Dairy cows' skin and hair follicles change size and growth phase around the time they give birth.

Preventing cancer involves lifestyle changes, vaccinations, early screening, and understanding cancer's molecular basis.

Certain genes may influence hair loss differently in men and women.

Androgen excess disorders in women were effectively treated with spironolactone, estrogen, and dexamethasone.

Using 5-alpha reductase inhibitors may lower the risk of breast cancer in females.

Uterine transplants for transgender women are feasible but need more research.

Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.

The document concludes that identifying the cause of amenorrhea is crucial for proper treatment.

Women have a higher risk of blood clots from hormonal factors and need careful treatment, especially during pregnancy.

Evening primrose oil significantly improves hormone levels and reduces BMI and cholesterol in women with PCOS.

New testosterone analogs show promise for male contraception with better activity and potentially fewer side effects.

Testosterone makes the connections in the uterus lining simpler and lowers certain protein levels, which might lead to infertility.

A three-month treatment with a GnRH agonist significantly lowered androgen levels and 5α-reductase activity in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Secondary amenorrhea has many causes and requires thorough evaluation to treat and restore menstrual cycles.

The 2003 consensus updated PCOS diagnosis criteria and highlighted increased risks of diabetes and heart disease for those affected.

Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.

Bicalutamide may help treat female pattern hair loss.

The new rodent model successfully mimics non-lean human PCOS symptoms.

Cyproterone acetate is effective for acne but less so for hirsutism and alopecia, with some side effects and quick menstrual cycle recovery after treatment.

Most women with Polycystic Ovarian Disease have trouble getting pregnant due to hormonal imbalances, but lifestyle changes and certain drugs can help.

The conclusion is that published guidelines are improving transgender medical care, but more research and education in transgender medicine are needed.

Small changes in hormones can significantly impact health, showing the importance of sensitive testing for chemicals that disrupt hormones.

The document concludes that various drugs can manage symptoms and metabolic issues in women with PCOS.

High androgen levels can cause excessive hair growth and may indicate serious health issues, including heart disease and fertility problems.

PCOS starts in adolescence with hormonal issues, leading to adult health problems, and early treatment is crucial.

Finasteride reduces hirsutism effectively with fewer side effects but is a second-choice treatment due to safety concerns.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

The estradiol valerate/dienogest oral contraceptive helps with heavy periods, may improve acne and symptoms in PCOS, and doesn't affect sexual function.