45 citations,
March 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.
12 citations,
March 2017 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy can modestly improve sexual function in menopausal women but should be used cautiously and is not recommended for routine measurement in sexual dysfunction or hirsutism.
16 citations,
January 2019 in “Kansas journal of medicine” Healthcare providers need better education and policies to serve transgender individuals effectively.
January 2024 in “JEADV clinical practice” Gender-affirming dermatology treatments generally improve mental well-being for transgender individuals, but more research is needed.
7 citations,
April 2012 in “Clinical investigation” Transdermal testosterone can improve sexual desire in postmenopausal women but lacks long-term safety data and is not FDA-approved for this use.
59 citations,
February 2021 in “BMJ” High doses of cyproterone acetate increase the risk of brain tumors in women, but the risk decreases after stopping the medication.
28 citations,
July 2017 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Early onset baldness in men may indicate a condition similar to PCOS, linked to heart disease, diabetes, and prostate issues.
November 2023 in “JAAD case reports” Exogenous testosterone use may be linked to developing hidradenitis suppurativa.
37 citations,
February 2013 in “Maturitas” Testosterone therapy is beneficial for women's health and does not cause masculinization or liver damage, and it protects the heart and breasts.
21 citations,
December 2012 in “Maturitas” Testosterone implants in women require pharmacological dosing to be effective and are generally safe and well-tolerated.
49 citations,
February 2009 in “Maturitas” Short-term testosterone therapy in women seems safe with few mild side effects, but long-term effects need more research.
October 2022 in “Springer eBooks” The document concludes that personalized hormonal treatments are important for transgender individuals and more research is needed for non-binary treatments.
January 2023 in “Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery” Hair transplants help transgender patients look more like their gender identity, with different procedures for trans women and men.
13 citations,
December 2018 in “Development, Growth & Differentiation” Sex hormones, especially estradiol, can change chicken feather shapes and colors.
19 citations,
December 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews” There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.
July 2024 in “Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” Inclusive and culturally competent healthcare is crucial for transgender and non-binary individuals.
36 citations,
May 2017 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
July 2024 in “JPRAS Open” Lip feminization is important for transgender women, requiring personalized approaches and expert consultation for best results.
November 2022 in “Scientific Reports” Certain ESR1 gene variations may affect hormone levels and fat distribution in women with high male hormone levels.
9 citations,
April 2021 in “Annals of Translational Medicine” Facial contouring is crucial for the satisfaction and well-being of Chinese transgender females.
39 citations,
October 2018 in “Aesthetic surgery journal” Injectables can feminize or masculinize a transgender person's face, but more research is needed for best practices.
2 citations,
January 2020 in “Elsevier eBooks” The document concludes that individualized Facial Feminization Surgery plans and comprehensive care are crucial for successful outcomes.
1 citations,
April 2024 in “Archives of disease in childhood” Many children and teens referred to gender services receive hormone treatments, but more research is needed on their long-term care and outcomes.
January 2024 in “Pharmaceutical medicine” Most European physicians know the risks and safe use of Cyproterone acetate, but few remember receiving official safety communications.
6 citations,
May 2020 in “JAMA Ophthalmology” Using 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, drugs for prostate issues and hair loss, may lead to eye abnormalities in men.
May 2019 in “Asian Journal of Chemistry” Finasteride forms three new products under acidic stress.
4 citations,
August 2021 in “Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy” 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, like finasteride and dutasteride, may cause depression, but more research is needed to understand why.
12 citations,
November 2018 in “JAMA Dermatology” Collecting sexual orientation and gender identity data in dermatology can lead to better, more sensitive care for sexual and gender minority patients.
September 2023 in “Fides et Ratio” The safety and effectiveness of gender-affirming treatments for children are uncertain, with potential long-term risks like infertility.
10 citations,
April 2018 in “Facial Plastic Surgery” The surgical technique of scalp advancement and pretrichial brow lift shortens the forehead and lifts brows, is good for women and transgender women with high foreheads, but not recommended for men and has some risks.