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This meta-analysis found that in postmenopausal women with a history of breast cancer, 8 weeks of vaginal estrogen therapy while on aromatase inhibitors did not result in systemic absorption of sex hormones, suggesting potential safety for treating vulvovaginal atrophy in this context.

This review discusses the use of topical and oral minoxidil for pediatric hair disorders, pointing out the lack of guidelines and the potential risks associated with systemic absorption, but reports no clinical results.

This article suggests that most topical treatments for acne and unwanted hair growth are safe to use during pregnancy, except for hydroquinone and tretinoin, due to low systemic absorption.

In this study, using a novel topical androgen receptor suppressor, fluridil, significantly increased the percentage of growing hairs in males with androgenetic alopecia without systemic absorption or adverse side effects.

This study reported that squarticles, nanoparticle carriers made from sebum-derived lipids, significantly enhanced minoxidil delivery to hair follicles in vitro, increasing follicular uptake sevenfold and minimizing systemic absorption compared to a free control solution, while showing good skin tolerability.

This review discusses the adverse effects of dermatological drugs, topical agents, and cosmetics, reporting no new clinical findings; the authors highlight several concerns such as cancer risk from hair dyes and systemic absorption issues with minoxidil.

This study found that in an androgenetic alopecia mouse model, phospholipid-bile salt mixed micelles for topical Finasteride delivery improved hair regrowth and reduced systemic absorption compared to a hydroalcoholic solution, suggesting a safer and more effective treatment option.

This article reviews the clinical efficacy of Ruxolitinib cream for skin conditions, reporting significant improvements in atopic dermatitis and vitiligo, with minimal systemic absorption and a favorable safety profile, compared to placebo.

This review highlights brimonidine’s potential as a dermatological agent, noting its ability to improve rosacea-related facial redness and its effectiveness in various other skin conditions due to its vasoconstrictive and anti-inflammatory actions, with minimal systemic absorption and a favorable safety profile for long-term use.

This study validated an HPLC-UV method to detect minoxidil in cosmetic products and found that 2 out of 9 analyzed products contained minoxidil, despite international regulations banning its inclusion due to potential systemic absorption.

This case report presented by the authors provides the first evidence of severe liver failure associated with the use of topical minoxidil, emphasizing the potential for hepatotoxicity even from drugs with minimal systemic absorption.

Transfollicular drug delivery can improve medication absorption through hair follicles.

This study suggests that gel containing OSF3 loaded in niosomes offers high transfollicular penetration for topical anti-androgenic alopecia treatment with minimal systemic effect.

This study found that androsterone glucuronate (ADT-G) was the only androgenic metabolite sensitive to detecting differences between adult women with acne and controls, and its levels decreased with systemic treatment.

This source discusses the potential of topical JAK inhibitors, like tofacitinib, as effective treatments for autoimmune skin diseases, emphasizing their superior safety profile and minimal adverse effects compared to conventional systemic therapies.

This study reported that albino Wistar rats exposed to chemical hair straighteners showed significant hair fiber damage and scalp skin deterioration, which worsened with repeated and prolonged application, highlighting the cytotoxic potential of these products and potential systemic risks.

This review discusses the current therapies for androgenic alopecia, emphasizing topical formulations like minoxidil and finasteride and exploring the potential of dutasteride-loaded nanocarriers for targeting hair follicles to minimize systemic side effects from oral treatment.

This study reported that using photoacoustic waves to enhance transdermal delivery of encapsulated minoxidil can significantly increase hair growth while reducing treatment frequency and systemic side effects.

This study systematically reviewed the use of topical testosterone products such as creams, gels, and patches, finding they effectively raise serum testosterone but pose significant systemic risks like acne and gynecomastia, necessitating careful medical oversight.

This study found that POD-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using 0.5% poloxamer 188 and 1.5% soybean lecithin (P-SLN) improved epidermal targeting and POD accumulation in porcine skin compared to traditional tincture.

This study found that nanostructured lipid carriers enabled effective follicular delivery and accumulation of anti-hair loss drugs like dutasteride in mice, suggesting potential for reduced dosage frequency.

This review found that microinfusion of medications using tattoo devices (MMP®) shows potential as a minimally invasive method for treating ailments like alopecia and basal cell carcinoma, offering notable improvements with minimal side effects due to localized drug delivery.

This case study reported a 40-year-old woman developing Cushing Syndrome months after a single intraarticular injection of Triamcinolone Acetonide, highlighting the potential long-term effects of corticosteroid exposure and the importance of awareness about these risks for clinicians and patients.

This review discusses the design strategies and applications of long-acting polymeric microneedles, noting their potential to improve patient compliance and reduce side effects in chronic disease management, but reports no new experimental results.

This review discusses the use of ablative and nonablative fractional resurfacing for enhanced topical drug delivery in dermatology and reports no new clinical results; further studies are needed to explore these methods.

This review discusses the potential of follicular drug delivery systems to target the pilosebaceous unit and reports no new research findings.

This review discusses the potential use of liposomal formulations to enhance the effectiveness of cosmeceutical delivery through the skin barrier, with no new clinical results reported.

This review describes recent advances in using nanoparticles for drug delivery to hair follicles, with potential applications in treating skin diseases such as alopecia and acne, but reports no new findings.

This article discusses the impact of estrogens on skin aging, highlighting the potential benefits and unresolved effectiveness of alternatives like phytoestrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators; it reports no new clinical results.

This study found that both 2% and 3% minoxidil resulted in a significant increase in hair counts for participants with androgenetic alopecia over 12 months.