How Much Medication Is Delivered in a Novel Drug Delivery Technique Using a Tattoo Machine?

The study from March 3, 2019, evaluated a novel drug delivery method using a tattoo machine, known as the MMP technique, to deliver medication into human skin. The researchers found that the technique could deliver an average of 1,175 µg/cm² of medication, with a standard deviation of 601 µg/cm² and a standard error of 190 µg/cm², into the dermis. The method was found to be safe, simple, and environmentally friendly, as it distributed the medication evenly and did not require animal testing or produce chemical waste. The study highlighted the need for further research on the safety of the technique, including sterility and potential hypersensitivity or systemic reactions. However, the study did not specify the number of human skin samples used, which is a limitation in determining the robustness of the findings.