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Alopecia areata significantly lowers the quality of life, especially in emotional and mental health aspects.

Low doses of some substances can be beneficial, while high doses can be harmful or toxic.

Insulin sensitizers may slightly reduce hirsutism but are less effective than other treatments.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

Most women with PCOS have high levels of male hormones, and free testosterone is the best marker for this.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.

Animals that change color with the seasons mainly do so in response to daylight changes, but climate change is causing camouflage problems that may require evolutionary changes.

Lignans and neolignans from plants may help protect against various health issues, including cancer and heart disease.

Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.

Ozone reacts more with unwashed hair, producing compounds due to scalp oils, which could lower ozone exposure but increase exposure to reaction products.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate, shrinks it, improves urination, but may cause sexual dysfunction and isn't for women or children.

COVID-19 can cause various skin lesions, which may result from the virus and immune response, and are not directly linked to illness severity.

Platelet-rich plasma may have some benefits in dermatology, but there's not enough evidence to widely recommend its use.

Hidradenitis suppurativa is caused by genetic factors, inflammation, bacteria, hormones, and lifestyle factors like obesity and smoking.

Minoxidil promotes hair growth but stops working when discontinued.

Some common medications can harm male fertility, but many effects can be reversed.

Jasmonic acid and its derivatives play important roles in plant health and have potential uses in medicine and agriculture.

Beta-sitosterol has potential health benefits but needs more research to fully understand its effects and improve its use in treatments.

The patient's liver did not fully grow back and she had serious temporary side effects after a very large liver surgery.

Advanced hydrogel systems with therapeutic agents could greatly improve acute and chronic wound treatment.

Microneedle technology has improved drug delivery and patient comfort but needs more research for broader use.

Products should be called 'sperm-safe' only after thorough, well-designed tests.

Hormone treatment for transgender patients may not need to be stopped before surgery, but more research is needed, especially on estrogen.

Researchers found 71 genetic regions linked to male pattern baldness, which account for 38% of its genetic risk.

5α-reductase inhibitors increase the risk of sexual dysfunction, especially in men with enlarged prostate.

The document suggests that targeting the hormone DHT could be a more effective treatment for prostate cancer than targeting testosterone.

Skin grafts are effective for chronic leg ulcers, especially autologous split-thickness grafts for venous ulcers, but more data is needed for diabetic ulcers.

Some drugs may reduce prostatitis symptoms short-term with few side effects.

Androgen conjugates might be better indicators of skin sensitivity to hormones in women with excessive hair growth.

Women with PCOS often have more body hair, acne, and skin darkening, and these signs are linked to metabolic issues like insulin resistance and high cholesterol.