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Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.

5α-reductase is essential for male sexual development and its inhibitors have potential in treating various conditions related to hormone action.

Mutant CDP/Cux protein causes hair defects and reduced male fertility in mice.

A new gene mutation causes female pseudohermaphroditism due to glucocorticoid resistance.

Finasteride helps regrow hair and shrink prostate by reducing DHT, with some sexual side effects.

Mouflon rams mature gradually with changes in body, horns, and hormones linked to age and seasons, reaching full sexual maturity well after puberty.

Mutant mice help researchers understand hair growth and related genetic factors.

The conclusion is that tissue structure is key for stem cell communication and maintaining healthy tissues.

PDRN helps repair tissue and improve wound healing with a high safety profile.

Dutasteride and finasteride do not significantly affect bone density, blood fats, or blood production, but slightly lower PSA levels and minimally impact sexual function in healthy young men.

Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.

Maintaining DNA health in stem cells is key to preventing aging and tissue breakdown.

Hormonal treatment in transgender women reduces semen quality, but stopping treatment may improve it.

Korean Red Ginseng has beneficial components that help with stress, immunity, fatigue, memory, blood flow, and disease protection.

Msx2 and Foxn1 are both crucial for hair growth and health.

Isotretinoin's effects and side effects, like birth defects and depression, might be due to it causing cell death in various cells.

Androgen receptors are key for development and health, affecting conditions like prostate cancer and male pattern baldness.

Dienogest combined with ethinylestradiol is a highly effective birth control that improves menstrual symptoms and has manageable side effects.

Finasteride effectively treats male pattern baldness, improving hair growth and density.

Fadrozole and finasteride change gene expression related to sex hormones and thyroid hormones in frog larvae development.

Environmental factors at different levels control hair stem cell activity, which could lead to new hair growth and alopecia treatments.

Different types of androgens bind differently to two receptors, AR1 and AR2, in Atlantic croaker's brain and ovarian tissues, suggesting these receptors may control different androgen actions in fish.

The document suggests that targeting the hormone DHT could be a more effective treatment for prostate cancer than targeting testosterone.

The document suggests treating individuals with nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia who show symptoms, especially those related to excess male hormones.

Athletes use steroids to enhance performance despite health risks and legal issues, and education on their dangers is needed.

Impaired androgen production in 46,XY DSDs causes ambiguous genitalia and requires long-term care.

Modern hair transplants use small grafts for a natural look and drugs to prevent further loss, with high patient satisfaction.

Oral retinoids can cause side effects ranging from mild to severe, including birth defects, and require careful monitoring and contraception.

Excessive hair growth in women often has no known cause and is not linked to race or other hormonal symptoms.

The document concludes that hair transplantation and gene therapy may be important for future hair loss treatment.