8 citations,
July 2012 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” Androgens can both increase body hair and cause scalp hair loss.
September 2020 in “Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing” A 10-year-old boy with abnormal genital development had surgery and tests to find the cause and plan treatment.
January 2012 in “S. Karger AG eBooks” The document concludes that transsexual individuals often experience improved quality of life after transitioning, despite higher risks of psychiatric issues and mortality.
183 citations,
January 1987 in “British Journal of Anaesthesia” Opioid painkillers can cause many side effects, including breathing problems and addiction, but are generally considered safe when used properly.
47 citations,
February 2019 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” LGBT individuals have unique skin health needs, including higher STD risks and side effects from gender-affirming treatments, requiring dermatologists to offer knowledgeable and culturally competent care.
21 citations,
December 2012 in “Maturitas” Testosterone implants in women require pharmacological dosing to be effective and are generally safe and well-tolerated.
10 citations,
November 2000 in “Aesthetic Surgery Journal” Secondary aesthetic surgeries for gender reassignment are generally satisfying and advance overall aesthetic surgery techniques, but psychological support is important.
6 citations,
September 2010 in “Current Urology Reports” New treatments for long-lasting erections improve outcomes but must be timely to avoid lasting damage.
3 citations,
April 2021 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” Finasteride may affect PNMT, causing side effects.
3 citations,
February 2017 in “Archives of Medical Science” Finasteride treatment changes Cx43 in rat testes, possibly causing fertility issues.
1 citations,
May 2017 in “InTech eBooks” Some natural remedies may help with hair regrowth, but more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness and safety.
1 citations,
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Tofacitinib may help regrow hair in severe alopecia areata, but results differ greatly between people.
February 2013 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Most children with skin inflammation taking methotrexate had lab abnormalities, but liver issues often improved without changing the medication dose.
February 2013 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” A boy with a rare birthmark called verrucous hemangioma needed careful timing for surgery due to its size and depth.
126 citations,
February 2017 in “JAMA Surgery” Surgeons must understand the full care process for gender confirmation surgery to help transgender individuals effectively.
103 citations,
October 2003 in “Birth Defects Research” Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.
74 citations,
July 1991 in “The Journal of Urology” Minoxidil works better than nitroglycerin for treating impotence with fewer side effects.
65 citations,
January 2011 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Neurosteroids show promise for treating epilepsy and more research is needed.
58 citations,
April 2017 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Post-finasteride patients show changed neuroactive steroid levels, possibly causing erectile dysfunction and depression.
58 citations,
June 2000 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Different types of androgens bind differently to two receptors, AR1 and AR2, in Atlantic croaker's brain and ovarian tissues, suggesting these receptors may control different androgen actions in fish.
53 citations,
October 1993 in “Drug Safety” Oral retinoids can cause side effects ranging from mild to severe, including birth defects, and require careful monitoring and contraception.
47 citations,
June 2011 in “Movement Disorders” The LRRK2-G2019S mutation in Parkinson's disease has a lifetime penetrance of 25-35%, and finasteride may help reduce symptoms in adult male Tourette syndrome patients.
46 citations,
September 2011 in “Movement Disorders” Finasteride reduces Tourette syndrome symptoms, but results may be limited due to potential biases.
39 citations,
May 2011 in “Movement Disorders” Finasteride may help reduce symptoms in male Tourette syndrome patients.
34 citations,
December 2015 in “Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews” Some hormone-related drugs may protect brain cells in Parkinson's disease differently in men and women.
33 citations,
December 2015 in “Neuroendocrinology” Finasteride treatment changes brain steroid levels and receptors, affecting brain function even after stopping treatment.
31 citations,
June 2011 in “Movement Disorders” The document describes a woman with familial Parkinson's disease due to a genetic mutation, showing severe symptoms and poor response to treatment, and suggests finasteride may help reduce symptoms in Tourette syndrome.
30 citations,
July 2017 in “Stem cells and cloning” SVF-enhanced adipose transplantation shows potential as a hair loss treatment.
29 citations,
March 2008 in “Postcolonial Studies” The article concludes that the global hair trade is exploitative and reflects complex cultural and economic issues.
25 citations,
June 2012 in “Endocrine” PCOS may start before birth, involves metabolic issues, and can be treated with drugs like metformin and lifestyle changes.