research The Clinical Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus has varied symptoms and is hard to diagnose, affecting many body parts and requiring careful clinical judgment.
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research The Rationale for Physiological Testosterone Replacement in Women
Testosterone replacement may help post-menopausal women with androgen insufficiency, but more research is needed on its benefits and risks.
research An Update of the Pathogenesis of Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: What Does the Current Evidence Tell Us?
The current understanding of frontal fibrosing alopecia involves immune, genetic, hormonal factors, and possibly environmental triggers, but more research is needed for effective treatments.
research High Circulating Estrone and Low Testosterone Correlate with Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Men with Advanced Liver Disease
Men with advanced liver disease and high oestrone and low testosterone levels have worse health outcomes.
research Therapeutic Androgen Receptor Ligands
Androgens and SARMs play a role in body mass, frailty, skin health, and hair growth, and are used in treating prostate cancer, acne, and hair loss, with potential for new uses and improved versions in the future.
research Anti-Müllerian Hormone Confirms the Novel Classification of Female Functional Androgenization Including Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Anti-Müllerian hormone is a specific marker for ovarian issues in women with conditions like PCOS.
research Is There a Role for 5α-Reductase Inhibitors in Transgender Individuals?
5α-reductase inhibitors like finasteride may not be effective or safe for transgender individuals, and more research is needed.
research Selected Variants of the Melanocortin 4 Receptor Gene (MC4R) Do Not Confer Susceptibility to Female Pattern Hair Loss
MC4R gene variants not linked to female hair loss.
research Testicular Steroidogenesis: Production and Regulation of Testosterone and Dihydrotestosterone
Genetic defects in testosterone production can cause hormonal and developmental disorders, and more research is needed to understand androgen regulation and develop safer treatments.
research The Use of Testosterone After Menopause
Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.
research Anti-Androgen Therapy in Dermatology: A Review
Anti-androgens are effective for female acne but less so for male-pattern hair loss, with side effects similar to birth control pills.
research Exogenous Testosterone, Finasteride, and Castration Effects on Testosterone, Insulin, Zinc, and Chromium in Adult Male Rats
Testosterone and finasteride raise insulin and zinc, lower chromium in male rats.
research The Genetically Programmed Hair Growth Cycle And Alopecia: What Is There To Know?
The document concludes that hair loss is complex, affects many people, has limited treatments, and requires more research on its causes and psychological impact.
research Melatonin Membrane Receptors in Peripheral Tissues: Distribution and Functions
Melatonin affects many body functions beyond sleep by interacting with specific receptors in various tissues.
research Fetal Programming of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Androgen Excess: Evidence from Experimental, Clinical, and Genetic Association Studies
Exposure to too much androgen before birth might cause polycystic ovary syndrome later in life.
research Testosterone Therapy for Transgender Men: Effects and Safety
Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.
research Hormone Therapy for Transgender Patients
Hormone therapy is essential for transgender individuals but requires careful management due to possible metabolic effects.
research Safety of Testosterone Treatment in Postmenopausal Women
Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.
research Menstrual Disorders in Adolescents
The document concludes that early recognition and treatment of PCOS in adolescents is crucial for managing symptoms and long-term health risks.
research Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Impact on Health
PCOS affects women's health by increasing the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and reproductive issues.
research A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Determine the Effectiveness of Botanically Derived Inhibitors of 5-Alpha-Reductase in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia
Natural 5AR inhibitors effectively improve mild to moderate hair loss in men.
research A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Determine the Effectiveness of Botanically Derived Inhibitors of 5-Alpha-Reductase in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia
Plant extracts effectively reduce hair loss and increase growth, offering a safe alternative treatment.
research Hormone Replacement Therapy for Women with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: A Comprehensive Review
The review recommends hormone replacement therapy for women with premature ovarian insufficiency to manage symptoms and protect health, with specific approaches for different groups.
research Female Hirsutism: Pathophysiological Considerations and Therapeutic Implications
Excessive hair growth in women often has no known cause and is not linked to race or other hormonal symptoms.
research Androgen Profiling by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Healthy Normal-Weight Ovulatory and Anovulatory Late Adolescent and Young Women
The research found that anovulatory young women have higher androgen and hormone levels than those who ovulate, suggesting immature hormonal regulation rather than a specific condition.
research Human Type 3 5α-Reductase Is Expressed in Peripheral Tissues at Higher Levels Than Types 1 and 2 and Its Activity Is Potently Inhibited by Finasteride and Dutasteride
Type 3 5α-reductase is more common and finasteride and dutasteride strongly inhibit it.
research Consecutive Cyproterone Acetate and Estradiol Treatment in Late-Pubertal Transgender Female Adolescents
Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
research Reproductive Dysfunction in Women with Epilepsy
Epilepsy and certain epilepsy drugs can lead to reproductive problems in women, but changing medication might improve these issues.
research Understanding and Addressing Hair Disorders in Transgender Individuals
Hormone therapy affects hair growth in transgender individuals, with testosterone potentially causing hair loss in trans men and estrogen reducing facial/body hair in trans women; treatment options vary.
research Genetic Variants Associated with Hyperandrogenemia in PCOS Pathophysiology
Certain genetic variations are linked to increased androgen levels in PCOS, but more research is needed to understand these connections fully.