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Certain genetic variations in the AR and ERβ genes can affect androgen levels in women.

Long-term use of minoxidil for high blood pressure can delay kidney failure in some patients and improve kidney function in others with severe hypertension.

Finasteride reduces hair growth better, but spironolactone has more side effects.

Taking low-dose spironolactone and metformin together works better for PCOS symptoms than either drug alone.

Polycystic ovarian shape is a genetic sign of PCOS and its hormonal and metabolic features can be inherited.

Long-term parenteral nutrition without zinc can cause severe zinc deficiency.

Many young women who donate blood have hormonal disorders like excess male hormones and PCOS.

Men with coeliac disease may have hormone imbalances that could affect sexual function, but these can improve with better gut health.

The document concludes that careful evaluation is key to diagnose and treat women with hair loss, with tests for thyroid, iron, and hormones as needed.

Women with acromegaly often have irregular periods due to hormone imbalances and growth hormone effects.

The transscrotal testosterone patch normalizes hormone levels in men with AIDS and weight loss but does not improve weight, body mass, or quality of life.

The conclusion is that there's a need for a new conference to establish stricter guidelines for diagnosing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).

Alopecia areata patients have higher oxidative stress and lower antioxidant levels.

Androgens play a complex role in skin conditions like acne and hair loss in women, and normal blood levels don't always show true androgen status.

Diet, especially dairy and high-sugar foods, can cause acne.

Oral retinoids can cause side effects ranging from mild to severe, including birth defects, and require careful monitoring and contraception.

Gray seals use more energy and have higher hormone levels during their annual fur-shedding period.

Spironolactone improved blood vessel function and cholesterol levels in non-obese women with PCOS.

Low androgen levels might delay prostate cancer but could lead to more aggressive, therapy-resistant cancers.

Short-term testosterone therapy in women seems safe with few mild side effects, but long-term effects need more research.

People with alopecia are at higher risk for heart disease and have more heart-related risk factors.

Dietary changes, including weight loss and a balanced diet, are important for managing PCOS, especially in overweight women.

A systematic approach is crucial for managing hair loss in women.

Longer CAG repeat lengths in the androgen receptor gene are linked to higher testosterone levels in women with PCOS.

Patients with acanthosis nigricans often have insulin resistance and signs of increased male hormones, but treatment targeting these male hormones is generally ineffective.

The conclusion is that oral contraceptives and antiandrogens can treat hirsutism and acne in women with cutaneous hyperandrogenism, but more research is needed for effective treatments, especially for hair loss.

Excessive hair growth can be assessed by history, exam, and blood tests, and treated with medication like dexamethasone, birth control pills, and spironolactone.

The conclusion is that hirsutism should be diagnosed and treated because it affects quality of life and may signal other health problems.

Different lab conditions and light treatment methods change how human skin cells respond to light therapy.

Topical calcipotriol may help treat alopecia areata, especially in those with low vitamin D.