Adverse Reactions to Oral Retinoids: An Update

The 1993 document reviewed the adverse reactions to oral retinoids, which are used to treat skin conditions like acne and psoriasis. It reported a range of side effects, from reversible mucocutaneous reactions and hair disorders to serious and irreversible effects such as teratogenicity. The document noted that up to 15% of patients on isotretinoin experienced reversible musculoskeletal symptoms, while up to 25% had elevated serum triglycerides. Liver function abnormalities were seen in up to 25% of patients on etretinate, but severe reactions were rare. Central nervous system effects, including depression, were reported in 1% of isotretinoin patients. Teratogenicity was a major concern, with a high risk of congenital malformations in babies born to women who had taken retinoids. The document emphasized the need for careful patient monitoring, baseline and follow-up tests, and effective contraception to minimize the risks associated with retinoid therapy.