Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Other Androgen Excess-Related Conditions: Can Changes in Dietary Intake Make a Difference?

The 2008 document reviews the role of dietary changes in managing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and other androgen excess-related conditions. It suggests that dietary management is crucial, especially for overweight or obese women with PCOS, who make up over half of the affected population. Recommended dietary changes include weight loss through diet and exercise, a diet similar to that for type 2 diabetes with increased fiber, reduced refined carbohydrates, and adjusted fat intake favoring omega-3 and omega-9 fatty acids. Anti-inflammatory foods and a high-fiber, low-glycemic-index diet with adequate protein and monounsaturated fats are also advised. The document notes the importance of anti-inflammatory diets due to PCOS's inflammatory nature and suggests that supplements such as magnesium, calcium, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids may be helpful. It emphasizes that diet and lifestyle modifications are essential for PCOS treatment, with specific recommendations for overweight patients to lose weight and for all patients to consume a balanced diet with limited trans and saturated fats. Exercise is also highlighted for its benefits in reducing serum testosterone and aiding weight loss. The document underscores the need for early screening of adolescents at risk for PCOS, particularly in the context of rising childhood obesity rates.