8 citations
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January 1986 in “The Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology” This article discusses surgical treatments for male pattern hair loss in black individuals, emphasizing the need for technique adjustments due to specific characteristics of black skin and hair, but reports no new clinical results.
3 citations
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June 2008 in “Springer eBooks” Hair care products clean, protect, style, color, and change hair structure.
2 citations
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January 2020 in “Skin appendage disorders” This article discusses traction alopecia in children and adolescents, emphasizing its occurrence due to hairstyles that exert chronic tension on hair, but reports no new findings.
1 citations
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March 2005 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Twisting hair weakens it, but strength can be recovered at low twist levels.
September 2025 in “Brazilian Journal of Health Review” This review highlights increased cases of alopecia frontal fibrosante among Black women, emphasizing the need for ethnically diverse research and culturally sensitive management practices, but reports no new clinical findings.
May 2025 in “International Journal of Women’s Dermatology” This study found that patients with central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia were less likely to report treatment improvement and more commonly associated with certain hairstyling practices compared to those with other scarring alopecias.
September 2023 in “International journal of women’s dermatology” This study found mixed evidence linking traction hairstyles, previous pregnancies, chemical hair relaxers, and several comorbidities to an increased risk of central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia in Black women.
July 2023 in “SAS journal of medicine” In this study, the researchers identified traumatic styling practices, such as frequent hair straightening, as a dominant cause of alopecia among women aged 15 to 45 in a dermatology setting, noting that rural women also experienced inflammatory alopecia linked to different etiologies.
November 2022 in “International journal of trichology” This study found that glyoxylic acid caused more protein loss in hair compared to traditional alkaline straighteners, though both types of treatments showed comparable effects on hair tensile strength.
This study found that hair loss is common among urban market traders in Nigeria, with a higher prevalence in women and linked to hair care practices like braiding and chemical relaxing.
August 2021 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology” This article reviews various hair straightening methods, discussing their mechanisms and potential effects on hair, but it reports no new clinical results.
January 2017 in “Clinical approaches and procedures in cosmetic dermatology” This chapter reviews hair anatomy, hair shaft structure, and various cosmetic treatments that can alter or damage hair, but it presents no new research findings.
January 2013 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” This review discusses the chemical processes involved in hair styling and straightening and reports no new results; the authors highlight pregnancy safety with hair treatments during pregnancy.
This review discusses complications of frizzy hair syndrome and emphasizes the importance of precautionary measures, but it reports no new research findings.
January 2010 in “Actas dermo-sifiliográficas/Actas dermo-sifiliográficas” Chemical relaxers may cause scarring alopecia in black women.
May 2007 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Hair care practices like using relaxers and tight braiding can lead to permanent hair loss in black women.
March 2005 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new method helps understand hair shine and various products improve hair care.
July 2012 in “Hair transplant forum international” This article reviews potential factors contributing to hair loss in androgenetic alopecia beyond genetic predispositions and discusses current knowledge without presenting new clinical results.
18 citations
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August 2009 in “Skin Research and Technology” In this study, optical coherence tomography was used to produce 3D images of human hair, revealing that after chemical treatment with ammonium thioglycolate, the main hair structures were not identifiable due to damage.
September 2015 in “Research Portal (King's College London)” This study quantified the effects of chemical treatments like oxidative bleaching and hair relaxing on the movement characteristics of hair strands using a novel high-speed recording method.
November 2011 in “Informa Healthcare eBooks” Environmental, chemical, mechanical, and personal health factors can all damage hair and contribute to hair loss or changes in hair quality.
18 citations
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July 2015 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” This study observed that combining hair dyeing with sodium hydroxide relaxers drastically increased protein loss in Caucasian virgin dark brown hair, while ammonium thioglycolate or guanidine hydroxide relaxers caused less damage.
3 citations
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January 2002 in “Springer eBooks” This study found that using cationic and non-ionic polymers during alkaline hair relaxer treatments may help strengthen hair and control swelling, potentially reducing damage.
33 citations
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May 1991 in “British Journal of Pharmacology” Cromakalim relaxes various blood vessels, while minoxidil sulphate is more selective; they likely act on different potassium channels.
47 citations
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November 1982 in “Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology” Nitrendipine and nifedipine effectively block muscle contractions, while papaverine relaxes them and minoxidil needs high amounts to work.
76 citations
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November 2010 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, a photographic scale and questionnaire revealed that extensive central scalp hair loss was observed in 5.6% of African American women, with an association to a history of tinea capitis.
January 2012 in “Yearbook of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery” Some African American women experience central scalp hair loss, often linked to a history of fungal scalp infection.
December 2025 in “Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan” This study found that massaging hair treatments into hair improved the treatment's effectiveness by reducing hair waviness and enhancing shape cohesion.
December 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This abstract describes SwaLife Hair Bloom Onion Oil as a treatment designed to enhance hair health by nurturing the scalp, strengthening hair, and reducing breakage, using a blend of onion extract and herbs to offer both therapeutic and sensory benefits.
December 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This source describes SwaLife Hair Bloom Onion Oil as a treatment that uses onion extract and herbs to strengthen hair, prevent breakage, and promote growth, while offering a relaxing, traditional head massage experience.