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The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Local flaps are effective for covering small to large scalp and forehead defects with good cosmetic results.

The document does not determine if adults with aphallia are fertile.

Parthenolide promotes hair growth in mice and may influence pathways related to male pattern baldness.

Turing patterns are now recognized as important in developmental biology.

A 16-year-old boy's arm hair grew more after wearing a splint, but it returned to normal in 8 months.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

Certain genes and nutrients like vitamin D, zinc, and omega fatty acids affect COVID-19 severity and infection risk.

Men and women respond differently to drugs for COVID-19, high cholesterol, and diabetes, which suggests a need for personalized treatments.

Certain SHBG gene variants, like rs727428, are linked to higher testosterone levels in women with PCOS.

Advancements in male reproductive medicine are ongoing, but more research and improved treatments are needed in several areas.

Different types of PCOS have different levels of metabolic problems, with the most severe type showing the highest disturbances.

Testing for CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene is not currently recommended for managing hypogonadism.

Androgen suppression therapy (AST) doesn't significantly lower bladder cancer risk, but using finasteride, a type of AST, might reduce it. AST decreases recurrence-free survival but doesn't affect overall survival or progression-free survival. More research is needed to understand AST's benefits.

The length of the CAG repeat in the androgen receptor gene affects the risk and progression of prostate cancer, BPH, infertility, and undermasculinized genitalia.

African American men with prostate cancer have more androgen receptor mutations, which may lead to more aggressive cancer compared to Caucasian American men.

Betacoronaviruses, like COVID-19, may cause hormone system dysfunction and affect disease susceptibility and severity.

Hispanic women with PCOS are more likely to have liver diseases like NAFLD and NASH.

Vitamin D and estrogen may help protect heart and kidney health, and maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels could be especially beneficial for African Americans, postmenopausal women, and people with chronic kidney disease.

The research shows how certain drugs can form stable structures with polymers, which is important for making new pharmaceuticals.

People with PCOS, especially if obese, often have NAFLD, linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen levels.

The AUTS2 gene is linked to neurological disorders and may affect human brain development and cognition.

No treatments fully cure or prevent alopecia areata; some help but have side effects or need more research.

The document says that there are treatments for hair and nail diseases.

Cyclophosphamide often causes gastrointestinal issues, hair loss, and low blood cell counts in Chinese patients with autoimmune diseases.

Media images promote unrealistic beauty standards, affecting body image and eating disorders globally.

Scarring after cleft lip and palate surgery is a major issue, and the review looks at ways to manage it.

Black patients may experience unique patterns and impacts of alopecia areata.

Dermatologists should customize cosmetic treatments for dark-skinned patients to minimize risks and complications.