25 citations,
September 2014 in “Pharmacotherapy” Hormone therapy can improve mental health and quality of life for people with gender dysphoria, but long-term effects need more research.
September 2023 in “Fides et Ratio” The safety and effectiveness of gender-affirming treatments for children are uncertain, with potential long-term risks like infertility.
855 citations,
June 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
116 citations,
December 2013 in “The Journal of Pediatrics” Most youth with gender dysphoria received hormones, had minor complications, and showed a decrease in suicide attempts after treatment.
66 citations,
October 2013 in “Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity” The conclusion is that published guidelines are improving transgender medical care, but more research and education in transgender medicine are needed.
284 citations,
February 2008 in “Pediatrics” Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.
45 citations,
March 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.
October 2023 in “Paediatrics & child health” The document advises health care providers on how to support transgender and gender-diverse youth with appropriate care and referrals.
January 2023 in “Integrative Journal of Medical Sciences” A young Saudi girl with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes and hypothyroidism had two rare conditions, Mauriac syndrome and Van Wyk–Grumbach syndrome.
January 2025 in “BMJ Case Reports” Precocious puberty can signal familial adenomatous polyposis.
October 2022 in “Medical Clinical Update Journal” Early diagnosis and treatment with Leuprolide are key for children with precocious puberty.
January 2024 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” Treating early puberty with hormone therapy may increase the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome in adults.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” An 8-year-old boy's early puberty was caused by a rare hormone-secreting brain tumor, which was successfully treated with surgery.
August 2020 in “Nigerian journal of paediatrics” A 24-month-old Nigerian girl developed early puberty with no family history, needing treatment her family couldn't afford.
29 citations,
February 2016 in “Scandinavian journal of urology” Late puberty may slightly lower prostate cancer risk, baldness is not linked to overall risk but less so with aggressive types, ibuprofen use may increase risk, and vitamins show no effect on risk.
19 citations,
December 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews” There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.
13 citations,
October 2006 in “Pediatrics in review” Early puberty is more common in girls and African-American children, possibly due to nutrition, obesity, stress, and environmental factors, and is treated with hormone therapy.
Hormones, especially testosterone and DHT, are key for penis development and function, and testosterone therapy may help with erectile dysfunction in those with low levels.
46 citations,
July 1988 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Hormone imbalances can cause specific skin changes, which may help in early detection of endocrine disorders.
October 2013 in “International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology/International journal of pediatric endocrinology” A boy with early puberty and laughing seizures was treated, stopping seizures and slowing puberty.
February 2022 in “Obstetrics and gynaecology cases - reviews” PCOS can cause unusual symptoms like late puberty and enlarged clitoris, making diagnosis difficult.
February 2005 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Metabolic syndrome can cause serious health issues and should be considered when treating women with severe acne.
3 citations,
November 2015 in “Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports” Ring Chromosome 11 may be linked to conditions like early puberty, excessive hair growth, hair loss, and type 2 diabetes.
November 2014 in “John Wiley & Sons, Ltd eBooks” Eating high-glycemic and dairy foods can increase hormones that may cause acne and other health issues.
December 1998 in “Acta Crystallographica Section C-crystal Structure Communications” A new compound with strong antiandrogenic effects was found, potentially useful for treating conditions like acne and prostate cancer.
33 citations,
November 2012 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” FPHL common in Taiwanese women; risk factors include BMI, high glucose, early puberty, fewer childbirths, oral contraceptives, and UV exposure.
31 citations,
January 2018 in “Pediatric annals” Early adrenal gland maturation in young children can be normal, but other serious conditions should be ruled out first.
3 citations,
July 2015 in “Pediatrics in review” Precocious puberty is starting earlier due to factors like obesity and chemicals, with treatment focusing on preserving height and addressing social issues.
February 2025 in “Medicine” Precocious puberty in girls is linked to cosmetics, pollution, light exposure, early sexual information, diet, and hereditary factors.
January 2016 in “Springer eBooks” A 19-year-old male with delayed puberty was successfully treated for a condition that prevents normal hormone production.