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    Glossary Protein Kinase C

    enzymes that regulate various cellular functions by phosphorylating proteins

    Protein Kinase C (PKC) is a family of enzymes that play a crucial role in several cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis (programmed cell death). These enzymes are activated by signals such as increases in the concentration of calcium ions or diacylglycerol (DAG), and they function by phosphorylating various target proteins, thereby altering their activity. PKC is significant in many physiological and pathological processes, making it a key focus in research related to cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders.

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    1. Overexpression of protein kinase C-α in the epidermis of transgenic mice results in striking alterations in phorbol ester-induced inflammation and COX-2, MIP-2 and TNF-α expression but not tumor promotion Journal of Cell Science · 1999 · 135 citations
    2. Transgenic mice overexpressing protein kinase C epsilon in their epidermis exhibit reduced papilloma burden but enhanced carcinoma formation after tumor promotion. PubMed · 2000 · 99 citations
    3. Protein Kinase C as a Therapeutic Target Clinical Cancer Research · 2006 · 87 citations
    4. Protein kinase Cepsilon is linked to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha ectodomain shedding and the development of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in protein kinase Cepsilon transgenic mice. PubMed · 2003 · 79 citations
    5. Protein Kinase Cε, which Sensitizes Skin to Sun's UV Radiation–Induced Cutaneous Damage and Development of Squamous Cell Carcinomas, Associates with Stat3 Cancer Research · 2007 · 76 citations
    6. Activation of Cutaneous Protein Kinase Cα Induces Keratinocyte Apoptosis and Intraepidermal Inflammation by Independent Signaling Pathways The Journal of Immunology · 2003 · 74 citations
    7. Topical Application of a Protein Kinase C Inhibitor Reduces Skin and Hair Pigmentation 2004 · 60 citations
    8. Ornithine Decarboxylase Expression Leads to Translocation and Activation of Protein Kinase CK2 in Vivo Journal of Biological Chemistry · 1997 · 52 citations
    9. Cyclosporin A Promotes Hair Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Modulates Protein Kinase C Expression and Translocation in Hair Epithelial Cells Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2001 · 45 citations
    10. Protein Kinase C δ Overexpressing Transgenic Mice Are Resistant to Chemically but not to UV Radiation–Induced Development of Squamous Cell Carcinomas: A Possible Link to Specific Cytokines and Cyclooxygenase-2 Cancer Research · 2006 · 35 citations
    11. Several Selective Protein Kinase C Inhibitors Including Procyanidins Promote Hair Growth Skin pharmacology and physiology · 2000 · 32 citations
    12. Protein Kinase C Epsilon Signals Ultraviolet Light-induced Cutaneous Damage and Development of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Possibly Through Induction of Specific Cytokines in a Paracrine Mechanism¶ Photochemistry and Photobiology · 2005 · 28 citations
    13. Foxn1 promotes keratinocyte differentiation by regulating the activity of protein kinase C Differentiation · 2007 · 26 citations
    14. Inhibition of the development of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in protein kinase C epsilon transgenic mice by alpha-difluoromethylornithine accompanied by marked hair follicle degeneration and hair loss. PubMed · 2003 · 26 citations
    15. Bisindolylmaleimide Protein-Kinase-C Inhibitors Delay the Decline in DNA Synthesis in Mouse Hair Follicle Organ Cultures Skin Pharmacology and Physiology · 1997 · 11 citations
    16. Induction of hair growth by skin irritants and its relation to skin protein kinase C isoforms 1999 · 10 citations
    17. Protein Kinase C<i>ε</i>, Which Is Linked to Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced Development of Squamous Cell Carcinomas, Stimulates Rapid Turnover of Adult Hair Follicle Stem Cells Journal of skin cancer · 2013 · 10 citations
    18. Protein kinase C is a key target for attenuation of Leigh syndrome by rapamycin bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · 2019 · 5 citations
    19. Protein Kinase C Epsilon Signals Ultraviolet Light‐induced Cutaneous Damage and Development of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Possibly Through Induction of Specific Cytokines in a Paracrine Mechanism<sup>¶</sup> Photochemistry and Photobiology · 2005 · 3 citations
    20. Protein Kinase C Downregulation upon Rapamycin Treatment Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Mitochondrial Disease Innovation in aging · 2020
    21. The biphasic regulatory effect of diphencyprone on mouse hair growth and its relation to protein kinase C isoforms Journal of dermatological science · 1998
    22. Genetic alteration of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase subunit expression affects calcium currents and beta-endorphin release in AtT-20 clonal pituitary cells. Molecular Endocrinology · 1994
    23. 2,3,7,8‐Tetrachlorodibenzo‐<i>p</i>‐dioxin causes an increase in protein kinases growth hepatic associated with epidermal factor receptor in the plasma membrane Journal of Biochemical Toxicology · 1988 · 60 citations
    24. Atypical Protein Kinase C Isoform, aPKCλ, Is Essential for Maintaining Hair Follicle Stem Cell Quiescence Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2015 · 24 citations
    25. The G-Protein Couple Receptor Kinase 2 (GRK2) Orchestrates Hair Follicle Homeostasis bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · 2024
    26. Phosphatidic Acid Has a Potential to Promote Hair Growth In Vitro and In Vivo, and Activates Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Kinase in Hair Epithelial Cells 2003 · 46 citations
    27. Establishment of an Efficient Primary Culture System for Human Hair Follicle Stem Cells Using the Rho-Associated Protein Kinase Inhibitor Y-27632 Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021 · 16 citations
    28. Purified Vitexin Compound 1 Inhibits UVA-Induced Cellular Senescence in Human Dermal Fibroblasts by Binding Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · 2020 · 3 citations
    29. Mathematical Modeling and Inference of Epidermal Growth Factor-Induced Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cell Signaling Pathways International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2024 · 3 citations
    30. Salicylate induces epithelial actin reorganization via activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase and promotes wound healing and contraction in mice Scientific Reports · 2024 · 8 citations