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The document reviews various hair and nail disorders, their causes, and treatments, emphasizing the need for proper diagnosis and the link between nail changes and systemic diseases.

AP-2α and AP-2β proteins are essential for healthy adult skin and hair.

Mouse touch-sensitive nerve cells adjust their connections based on competition with other similar cells.

A baby boy's toe was saved from damage caused by hair strangulation by quick surgical treatment.

Men with testicular cancer were less likely to experience baldness and severe acne.

Umbilical cord blood is a valuable source of stem cells for medical treatments, but its use is less common than other transplants, and there are ethical issues to consider.

Despite progress, better treatments and understanding are needed for the high rates of long-term issues and deaths linked to eating disorders.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

Obesity leads to physical, metabolic, reproductive issues, higher healthcare costs, and mental health problems.

Ellis van Creveld syndrome, a rare genetic disorder, can cause unexpected abnormalities in various body organs, requiring thorough patient evaluations.

Men and women react differently to opioids, with hormones potentially influencing these differences.

Metformin helps regulate menstrual cycles, induce ovulation, and improve pregnancy outcomes in women with PCOS.

Hair follicle development is controlled by interactions between skin tissues and specific molecular signals.

Myotonic dystrophy should be considered in patients with hair thinning, and genetic counseling is important.

A toddler with a rare adrenal gland tumor causing male-like physical changes was successfully treated with surgery.

The document concludes that the exact way alcohol causes harm to fetal development is unknown, but it significantly affects nutrient transport to the fetus and a safe level of alcohol during pregnancy is not determined.

Children under 18 had milder SARS with no deaths, but teenagers faced higher severe illness risk, and effective treatments were uncertain.

Not enough vitamin B6 in pregnant rats' diets caused poor development and health in their babies.

The document concludes that managing skin conditions during pregnancy is important and requires specialized care.

Finasteride given to baby rats causes anxiety-like behavior and worsens learning from punishment in adult rats.

Diazoxide applied to the skin can increase hair growth without harmful side effects.

Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.

A new method accurately detects bisphenols and parabens in human hair.

The document concludes that insulin resistance is key in PCOS development and early treatment is crucial to prevent complications.

New treatments for hair loss should target eight main causes and use specific plant compounds and peptides for better results.

Giving selenium yeast to pregnant goats leads to better hair growth and cashmere quality in their babies.

Researchers developed a 3D model of human hair follicle cells that can help understand hair growth and test new hair loss treatments.

Use some skin medications with caution during pregnancy; avoid strong steroids, certain eczema treatments, and systemic retinoids, but many topical treatments and nasal sprays are safe.

Pregnancy can change skin disease severity, with some conditions improving and others worsening, and treatment should balance benefits and fetal safety.

Three specific genetic variants cause severe skin issues in children with EBS, highlighting the need for early genetic screening.