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Vitiligo is a skin condition causing white spots, more common in women, often starts before age 20, and can affect mental health.

Melatonin affects many body functions beyond sleep by interacting with specific receptors in various tissues.

Changing the environment around stem cells could help tissue repair, but it's hard to be precise and avoid side effects.

The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.

Anabolic steroids can build muscle and strength but have risks and need more research on their clinical benefits and side effects.

African spiny mice can regenerate skin, hair, and cartilage, but not muscle, and their unique abilities could be useful for regenerative medicine.

Corticosteroids, especially prednisone, improve short-term muscle strength in Duchenne muscular dystrophy but have manageable side effects.

The Rotterdam Study updated findings on elderly health, focusing on heart disease, genetics, lifestyle effects, and disease understanding.

Childhood obesity is rising globally due to various factors, and early prevention and healthy lifestyle changes are crucial.

The study found that in Latin America, ancestry varies by location, influences physical traits, and affects how people perceive their own heritage.

The Rotterdam Study found risk factors for elderly diseases, links between lifestyle and genetics with health conditions, and aimed to explore new areas like DNA methylation and sensory input effects on brain function.

Lgr5 is a marker for active, self-renewing stem cells in the intestine and skin, important for tissue maintenance.

β-catenin in the dermal papilla is crucial for normal hair growth and repair.

The skin has a complex immune system that is essential for protection and healing, requiring more research for better wound treatment.

Certain proteins, Lgr5 and Lgr6, are important markers of adult stem cells and are involved in tissue repair and cancer development.

The modified Ferriman-Gallwey method is a useful tool for diagnosing hirsutism.

Women with the NIH type of PCOS have more obesity and higher risk of diabetes and heart disease than those with other types of PCOS.

Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.

The article suggests managing interferon beta therapy side effects in MS with dose adjustments, medications, and patient education.

Some drugs can cause rare but potentially deadly skin reactions, and early treatment and avoiding the drug again are key.

The NAMS 2014 recommendations guide healthcare providers on treating health issues in midlife women, emphasizing individualized care and informed decision-making.

Teriflunomide helps reduce multiple sclerosis symptoms and is safe for most patients.

Insulin resistance is a key factor in polycystic ovary syndrome, but genetics may also contribute.

The Rotterdam Study updated its design and objectives in 2012, providing insights into various diseases in the elderly, including skin cancer, bone health, liver disease, neurological and psychiatric conditions, and respiratory issues.

Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.

Stem cells are crucial for skin repair and new treatments for chronic wounds.

AGA causes hair loss by shrinking hair follicles due to DHT binding, and can be treated with finasteride and minoxidil.

Melatonin may help with sleep issues, depression, and cancer, but more research is needed.

About 7% to 15% of Iranian women have polycystic ovary syndrome, depending on the criteria used to diagnose it.

Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss in men, while minoxidil treats hair loss in women.