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Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

The Rotterdam Study aims to understand disease causes in the elderly and has found new risk factors and genetic influences on various conditions.

Apoptosis is essential for human skin development and forming a functional epidermis.

Dermatoscopy is useful for identifying different hair and scalp conditions and can reduce the need for biopsies.

Patients need long-term care after bariatric surgery to manage potential nutritional and metabolic issues.

Nerves are crucial for the regeneration of various body parts in many animals.

The cuneate nucleus has two main neuron types: relay neurons and interneurons.

A gene called APCDD1, which controls hair growth, is found to be faulty in a type of hair loss called hereditary hypotrichosis simplex.

Ruxolitinib effectively regrows hair in most patients with severe hair loss.

Hair loss needs more research for better treatments.

The conclusion is that accurate diagnosis of different types of hair loss requires good teamwork between skin doctors and lab experts.

Mostly postmenopausal Caucasian women get Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia, which often includes eyebrow loss and has limited treatment success.

Some people with pattern hair loss may also have scalp inflammation and scarring similar to lichen planopilaris.

Dermatoscopy and videodermatoscopy are useful for diagnosing and monitoring various skin, hair, and nail conditions.

Pregnancy can cause skin darkening, varicose veins, more sweating, hair growth, hair loss after birth, nail changes, and gum inflammation.

Horizontally sectioned scalp biopsies are more reliable for diagnosing hair loss in women when three samples are taken instead of one.

Most women with hirsutism or androgenic alopecia had polycystic ovaries, especially if they had irregular periods.

Facial feminization surgery is effective in helping transgender women appear more feminine and has high patient satisfaction.

Finasteride effectively inhibits 5α reductase, while plant extracts like Permixon and Bazoton don't show significant results.

Different PIN proteins affect plant root hair growth by changing how auxin is transported.

Flutamide rarely causes liver toxicity in prostate cancer patients.

Melatonin helps regulate hair growth and protects the hair follicle from stress.

Treating psoriasis on the scalp, nails, and skin folds is challenging, often requiring systemic treatments for severe cases, with some success in topical and biologic treatments.

Prolactin affects hair growth and skin conditions, and could be a target for new skin disease treatments.

Pregnancy can cause skin pigmentation, stretch marks, and changes in hair, nails, and sweat glands, with most resolving after birth.

Lichen planopilaris is a chronic, scarring hair loss condition with no definitive cure, requiring accurate diagnosis and treatment to manage symptoms.

Vitiligo is linked to autoimmune diseases and hearing issues, so hearing tests are recommended for patients.

To diagnose hair loss, use a systematic approach including history, exams, and tests.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate, shrinks it, improves urination, but may cause sexual dysfunction and isn't for women or children.

An imbalanced gut and lack of biotin can cause hair loss in mice.