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Glossary Lipid Production

cells create essential fats and oils for energy and structure

Lipid production, also known as lipid synthesis or lipid biosynthesis, is the process by which cells create lipids, which are essential fats and oils. These lipids play crucial roles in storing energy, forming cell membranes, and serving as signaling molecules. The process involves converting simpler molecules like acetyl-CoA into complex lipids through enzymatic reactions, primarily occurring in the liver and adipose tissue.

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research Adiponectin Signaling Regulates Lipid Production in Human Sebocytes

32 citations , January 2017 in “PLoS ONE”

This study found that adiponectin significantly enhanced lipid production in human sebaceous glands and may be a potential target for treating conditions with reduced sebum production.

research Production of mannosylerythritol lipids and their application in cosmetics

84 citations , April 2013 in “Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology”

This review discusses the current research and development of mannosylerythritol lipids, particularly focusing on their potential commercial applications in cosmetics; it reports no new results.

research Acetyl-CoA synthesis in the skin is a key determinant of systemic lipid homeostasis

5 citations , February 2025 in “Cell Reports”

In this study, inducible whole-body Acly-knockout mice revealed that ACLY is essential for skin homeostasis, as its deficiency led to increased sebum production and skin abnormalities, indicating a vital role for cytosolic acetyl-CoA synthesis in preserving skin barrier integrity and systemic lipid regulation.

research 1321 Endocannabinoid-like molecule oleoylethanolamide promotes sebaceous lipid synthesis

1 citations , April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

In this study, OEA was found to significantly enhance sebaceous lipogenesis and potentially reduce inflammation in human sebocytes, suggesting it as a promising candidate for treating skin dryness.

research 0952 Spatial transcriptomics reveal compartmentalized dysregulation of lipid metabolism in acne vulgaris

July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Acne involves increased lipid production and inflammation, affecting skin cell behavior and treatment resistance.

research Primary cilia regulate Meibomian glands development and dimensions without impairing lipid composition of the meibum

May 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

In this study, primary cilia were found to contribute to meibomian gland enlargement and lipid production, though they are not necessary for normal gland development.

Nicotinic Acid Suppresses Sebaceous Lipid Synthesis of Human Sebocytes via Activating Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor 2 (HCA2)

research 1317 Nicotinic acid suppresses sebaceous lipid synthesis of human sebocytes via activating hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA2)

April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

The researchers reported that nicotinic acid normalized excessive sebaceous lipogenesis without affecting basal lipogenesis and suggested potential anti-acne benefits.

research Ozenoxacin suppresses sebum production by inhibiting mTORC1 activation in differentiated hamster sebocytes

6 citations , August 2024 in “The Journal of Dermatology”

In this study, ozenoxacin was found to inhibit sebum production in insulin- and 5α-DHT-differentiated hamster sebocytes in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting potential benefits in acne management by combining antimicrobial activity against C. acnes with reduced sebum production.

Effect of Testosterone Supplementation With and Without a Dual 5α-Reductase Inhibitor on Fat-Free Mass in Men with Suppressed Testosterone Production: A Randomized Controlled Trial

research Re: Effect of Testosterone Supplementation With and Without a Dual 5α-Reductase Inhibitor on Fat-Free Mass in Men with Suppressed Testosterone Production: A Randomized Controlled Trial

July 2012 in “The Journal of Urology”

This abstract reviews testosterone supplementation with and without a dual 5α-reductase inhibitor on fat-free mass in men with suppressed testosterone production and reports no new research findings.

Normal Fur Development and Sebum Production Depend on Fatty Acid 2-Hydroxylase Expression in Sebaceous Glands

research Normal Fur Development and Sebum Production Depends on Fatty Acid 2-Hydroxylase Expression in Sebaceous Glands

40 citations , June 2011 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

This study revealed that deficiency in the enzyme FA2H in mice affected sebaceous gland function, altered sebum composition, and caused cycling alopecia, highlighting FA2H's role in hair follicle homeostasis.

Sebum Production: Analysis, Impact, and Measurement Methods

research Sebum Production

1 citations , September 2016 in “Springer eBooks”

This article reports no new data; it describes the role of sebum in influencing the skin microbiome and epithelial tissues and discusses its altered composition during transit through the sebaceous duct.

research 1329 Transglutaminase 2 deficiency leads to lipid accumulation and reduced autophagy in SZ95 sebocytes

April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This study suggests that tissue transglutaminase (TG2) may play a role in sebum production by regulating autophagy in sebaceous glands, offering potential targets for dermatological interventions.

research 696 MEK and BRAF inhibitors augment the production and accumulation of sebum in hamster sebocytes

April 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study found that trametinib and vemurafenib increased sebum production and gene expression related to lipid accumulation in hamster sebocytes, which may help explain certain side effects in patients.

research ANTI-ACNE ACTIVITY OF LIPIDO-STEROLIC EXTRACT OF SERENOA REPENS AND HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA IN SYRIAN HAMSTER EAR MODEL

September 2017 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)”

This study suggests that a topical hydroalcoholic extract of liquorice root significantly reduced sebaceous gland size in Syrian hamsters, indicating potential for use in anti-acne therapy.

research Runx1 Role in Epithelial and Cancer Cell Proliferation Implicates Lipid Metabolism and Scd1 and Soat1 Activity

24 citations , July 2018 in “Stem cells”

This study found that Runx1 in hair follicle stem cells modulates lipid metabolism, impacting membrane organization and enhancing signal transduction for cell proliferation in both normal and cancer epithelial cells.

research Refatting rate of human hair lipids after exposure to selenium disulphide detergents

2 citations , February 1983 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science”

This study found that both hard and soft selenium disulphide-based detergents significantly increased triglyceride levels in human hair, suggesting enhanced sebum production with reduced lipolytic activity, but showed no significant differences between their effects.

Comprehensive Analysis of Differences in Cashmere Production Performance in Liaoning Cashmere Goats Using Metabolomics and Transcriptomics

research Comprehensive analysis of differences in cashmere production performance in Liaoning cashmere goats by using metabolomics and transcriptomics

December 2025 in “Frontiers in Veterinary Science”

This study found that PT-LCG extends hair follicle activity and promotes continuous cashmere growth by enhancing lipid synthesis, remodeling the extracellular matrix, and modulating inflammatory signaling, offering insights into improving cashmere yield and quality through molecular breeding.

research 548 Deletion of Myelin Protein Zero-like 3 increases sebaceous gland size and sebocyte proliferation but reduces skin adipose depots: Can MPZL3 inhibition promote excessive loss of lipids via sebum hypersecretion?

November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study found that MPZL3 knockout mice showed reduced dermal white adipose tissue and increased sebocyte proliferation, suggesting a regulatory role for MPZL3 in lipid metabolism balance between adipocytes and sebocytes.

research Effects of dietary supplementation with taurine on production performance of Angora rabbits

March 2021 in “World rabbit science”

This study found that taurine dietary supplementation could reduce lipid metabolism, enhance antioxidant capacity, and improve hormone levels in Angora rabbits, with 0.2% taurine increasing wool production.

research Maternal PPARγ protects nursing neonates by suppressing the production of inflammatory milk

102 citations , July 2007 in “Genes & Development”

This study found that maternal PPARγ is essential for preventing the production of inflammatory lipids in mouse milk, which can otherwise cause inflammation, alopecia, and growth retardation in nursing pups.

research Prostaglandin D2 Uses Components of ROS Signaling to Enhance Testosterone Production in Keratinocytes

9 citations , September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings”

In this study, PGD2 was shown to increase testosterone production in human keratinocytes through reactive oxygen species, suggesting potential benefits of antioxidants like N-acetyl-cysteine for AGA patients.

Advances in Mitochondria-Centered Mechanism Behind the Roles of Androgens and Androgen Receptor in the Regulation of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism

research Advances in mitochondria-centered mechanism behind the roles of androgens and androgen receptor in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism

October 2023 in “Frontiers in endocrinology”

This review examines the role of androgens and androgen receptors in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, focusing on their effects on mitochondrial content and function; it also discusses the sex-dimorphic influence of androgens and provides theoretical insights into their mechanisms.

research Severe Skin Permeability Barrier Dysfunction in Knockout Mice Deficient in a Fatty Acid ω-Hydroxylase Crucial to Acylceramide Production

40 citations , July 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

In this study, knockout mice lacking the Cyp4f39 gene showed severe skin barrier dysfunction and high early mortality, suggesting its critical role in skin barrier formation and insights into ichthyosis pathogenesis.

Androgens Affect the Activity of Human Sebocytes in Culture Depending on the Localization of the Sebaceous Glands, and Their Effect Is Antagonized by Spironolactone

research Androgens Affect the Activity of Human Sebocytes in Culture in a Manner Dependent on the Localization of the Sebaceous Glands and Their Effect Is Antagonized by Spironolactone

40 citations , January 1994 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology”

This study found that testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone affect human sebocytes differently depending on the skin region, with spironolactone inhibiting their proliferation and counteracting androgen effects in facial sebocytes.

research Comparative studies of the ultrastructure of the sebaceous gland

40 citations , January 1985 in “Tissue and Cell”

This study found that sebum in sebaceous glands is produced from cell populations derived from peripheral progenitor cells, similarly to hair growth, without direct involvement from other peripheral cells.

research Genetically modified laboratory mice with sebaceous glands abnormalities

22 citations , July 2016 in “Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences”

Genetic changes in mice help understand skin and hair disorders, aiding treatment development for acne and hair loss.

research PLCD1 and Pilar Cysts

5 citations , October 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This study identified a high-risk allele in the PLCD1 gene associated with hereditary trichilemmal cyst formation, proposing a monoallelic two-hit mechanism as the underlying genetic pathogenesis.

research Topical Spironolactone in the Treatment of Ocular Graft-Versus-Host Disease

2 citations , September 2023 in “Curēus”

This study reported that topical spironolactone improved lid margin vascularity, corneal fluorescein staining, and disease severity scores in patients with ocular graft-versus-host disease, suggesting a potential therapeutic role by enhancing corneal lipid production with minimal adverse effects.

research Efficacy of 0.1% adapalene in a non-inflammatory Kyoto Rhino Rat acne model

2 citations , August 2014 in “Journal of dermatological science”

This study found that krh/krh rats serve as a suitable model for non-inflammatory acne and that adapalene treatment decreased open comedones and altered lipid metabolism and cytokine production in these rats.

research Single-cell analysis of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p -dioxin (TCDD)-treated murine skin demonstrates that sebaceous gland differentiation precedes Ahr -dependent seboatrophy with elevated expression of infundibular Blimp1

July 2026 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

In this study, researchers observed that TCDD exposure in mice enhanced sebaceous gland differentiation and lipid production before causing seboatrophy, providing insights into the cellular events that may contribute to chloracne pathogenesis.