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This research reports that oral contraceptives may cause melasma in 24-29% of users, with minimal improvement after stopping the drug and limited effectiveness of hydroquinone treatment.

This review discusses the use of ethinylestradiol combined with antiandrogenic progestin for treating androgenisation symptoms and improving metabolic and menstrual health in women, but it does not provide new clinical data.

In this study, an ultra-low dose combination of estradiol and dydrogesterone significantly reduced hot flushes and improved health-related quality of life among a multi-ethnic population of postmenopausal women, with no notable difference in serious adverse events compared to placebo.

This meta-analysis found that while both Dienogest and GnRH analogues effectively managed endometriosis-related pain, Dienogest reduced recurrence rates and hot flushes but increased irregular bleeding, making it a safer option due to fewer side effects.

In this study of reproductive-aged women in Tehran, idiopathic hirsutism and polycystic ovary syndrome were reported to be prevalent, with rates influenced by the screening methods used.

This study found a significant association between low serum ferritin levels and chronic telogen effluvium in menstruating women, with iron treatment improving hair growth in those affected.

This report emphasizes the importance of considering haemochromatosis and conducting iron studies when investigating infertility due to endocrine causes.

This article reviews the diagnosis and management of hirsutism in women, discussing its causes, assessment, and treatment options; no new clinical findings are included.

This study conducted in fertility clinics in Abbottabad found that hyperprolactinemia is the most prevalent cause of secondary amenorrhea, affecting 31.7% of cases, followed by drug-induced amenorrhea in 14.3% of patients, with oral contraceptives and omeprazole as common factors.

This study details a 15-year-old girl with secondary amenorrhea and other symptoms who was found to have a pituitary mass causing multiple hormonal deficiencies, diagnosed as lymphocytic hypophysitis.

This study found that the prevalence of hyperprolactinaemia in healthy premenopausal female blood donors is low and not affected by hormonal contraceptive use, with stress-related factors being the most common cause.

This study found that medroxyprogesterone acetate treatment in women with PCOS reduced hyperandrogenism-related hormonal levels and improved skin conditions without affecting lipid or carbohydrate metabolism.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

This study highlights a rare case of ovarian hyperthecosis in a 58-year-old postmenopausal woman, presenting with polycythemia and severe hyperandrogenism symptoms, with resolution of symptoms following laparoscopic bilateral oophorectomy.

In this study, iontophoresis of medroxyprogesterone acetate significantly reduced hair growth rate in women with idiopathic facial hirsutism, without affecting serum androgen levels, and was well-tolerated as a treatment option.

This review highlights that pharmacologic therapy for hirsutism can effectively decrease hair growth, normalize menstrual cycles, and reduce endometrial cancer risk, with improvements in physical and mental well-being and minimal serious side effects reported.

In this study, researchers reported that adult females approaching menopause in Canada generally had similar or lower blood concentrations of toxic, essential, and trace elements compared to their peers, but most participants showed zinc levels below the proposed adequacy threshold.

This case study describes two postmenopausal women with severe androgen excess symptoms, diagnosed with ovarian hyperthecosis and stromal hyperplasia, emphasizing the challenges in differentiating these benign conditions from androgen-secreting tumors and the importance of surgical and histopathological evaluation for correct diagnosis and management.

This case report describes a rare instance of hyperandrogenism and increased hirsutism associated with endometrial cancer in a postmenopausal woman, with symptoms resolving and androgen levels normalizing after a total laparoscopic abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy.

This study found that an intermittent low-dose regimen of finasteride (2.5 mg every 3 days) effectively reduced hirsutism scores in women with idiopathic hirsutism or polycystic ovary syndrome, with fewer side effects than continuous daily administration.

This study in Urmia, Iran, characterized women with PCOS, POF, and EMs, revealing a PCOS prevalence of 17.69% and emphasizing significant lifestyle and health differences compared to healthy individuals, particularly in rural areas, alongside identifying key screening features for POF and EMs.

This study investigated dermatological conditions among 223 Indian postmenopausal women, reporting that 83.4% had skin disorders, 29.1% had genital symptoms, 10.3% had oral issues, 33.6% experienced hair disorders, and 26% faced nail problems.

This review explores whether oligomenorrhoea in exercising women is a mild subclinical phenotype of PCOS or part of a spectrum of energy deficiency-related menstrual disturbances, without new clinical results.

This study found that women with polycystic ovary syndrome have significantly higher plasma levels of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor and other hemostatic markers compared to age- and BMI-matched healthy controls.

This review discusses the characteristics of benign biphasic ovarian neoplasms called adenofibromas and reports no new clinical findings.

The document suggests that hair loss after stopping birth control may be similar to post-pregnancy hair loss and could recur with future pregnancies.

This study found that while ethinyl oestradiol and cyproterone acetate effectively treated hirsutism in 90% of patients, 80% experienced relapse within six months after stopping treatment, suggesting long-term use is necessary.

This study found that while iron depletion through phlebotomies is safe for women with functional ovarian hyperandrogenism, it does not improve their cardio-metabolic profile and may reduce non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity.