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    Glossary Hypothalamus

    small brain region regulating hormones and homeostasis

    The hypothalamus is a small but crucial part of the brain located just below the thalamus. It plays a key role in regulating various bodily functions, including temperature control, hunger, thirst, sleep, and emotional activity. It also links the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland, thereby influencing hormone release and maintaining homeostasis.

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    1. Sex differences in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis’ response to stress: an important role for gonadal hormones Neuropsychopharmacology · 2019 · 197 citations
    2. Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Thyroid Axis Hormones Stimulate Mitochondrial Function and Biogenesis in Human Hair Follicles Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2013 · 95 citations
    3. Physiology of the Hypothalamic Pituitary Gonadal Axis in the Male Urologic Clinics of North America · 2016 · 70 citations
    4. Food Deprivation-induced Expression of Minoxidil Sulfotransferase in the Hypothalamus Uncovered by Microarray Analysis Journal of Biological Chemistry · 2002 · 36 citations
    5. Where Have the Periods Gone? The Evaluation and Management of Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology · 2020 · 18 citations
    6. Hypothalamic DNA methylation in rats with dihydrotestosterone‐induced polycystic ovary syndrome: effects of low‐frequency electro‐acupuncture Experimental physiology · 2018 · 18 citations
    7. The local hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in cultured human dermal papilla cells BMC Molecular and Cell Biology · 2020 · 9 citations
    8. Alopecia areata – hyperactivity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis is a myth? Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · 2017 · 5 citations
    9. Restoring neuropetide Y levels in the hypothalamus ameliorates premature aging phenotype in mice GeroScience · 2025 · 4 citations
    10. Human Hair Follicles Operate a Functional Peripheral Equivalent of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Somatotropic Axis Ex Vivo 2022 · 4 citations
    11. Altered hypothalamus functional connectivity and psychological stress in patients with alopecia areata Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery · 2025 · 2 citations
    12. Early androgen activity after birth determines the hypothalamic expression of androgen and estrogen receptors in adulthood in female but not in male rats Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology · 2025
    13. The Effect of Perinatal Blockade of Androgen Receptors on the Expression of Hypothalamic Estrogen Receptor‐a and Sexual Motivation in Male Rats The FASEB Journal · 2016
    14. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, hair, and sebum: Stress-mediated dermatologic disasters of the pandemic era Cosmoderma · 2025
    15. Exploration of the Possible Relationships Between Gut and Hypothalamic Inflammation and Allopregnanolone: Preclinical Findings in a Post-Finasteride Rat Model. PubMed · 2025
    16. Hypothalamic lipid metabolism and the control of food intake Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) · 2016
    17. Central Diabetes Insipidus and Hypothalamic Type of Hypopituitarism Associated with Atypical Location of Rathke's Cleft Cyst Internal Medicine · 2012 · 3 citations
    18. Expression of Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Thyroid Axis RelatedGenes in the Human Skin Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2002 · 155 citations
    19. Hair loss and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis activity in captive rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). PubMed · 2014 · 28 citations
    20. Estrogen-Dependent Ontogeny of Sex Differences in Somatostatin Neurons of the Hypothalamic Periventricular Nucleus* Endocrinology · 1998 · 19 citations
    21. Qiviut cortisol reflects hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activity in muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) General and comparative endocrinology · 2021 · 7 citations
    22. Involvement of the central hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in hair growth and melanogenesis among different mouse strains PLoS ONE · 2018 · 6 citations
    23. Involvement of neurosteroids in the control of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in pregnant sheep under basal and stressful conditions Theriogenology · 2021 · 4 citations
    24. Hyposecretion of the adrenal androgen dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) in the majority of the alopecia areata patients: Is it a primitive and pathogenic perturbation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis? International journal of trichology · 2011 · 3 citations
    25. Localized alopecia and suppression of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in dogs following treatment with difluprednate 0.05% ophthalmic emulsion (Durezol®) BMC veterinary research · 2021 · 2 citations
    26. Correlation Analysis of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Hormone Levels in Hair before Stroke Onset and Mood Disorders after Stroke Rehabilitation Medicine · 2024 · 1 citations
    27. The impact of levothyroxine on thyroid autoimmunity and hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis activity in men with autoimmune hypothyroidism and early-onset androgenetic alopecia Endokrynologia Polska · 2021 · 1 citations
    28. Allopregnanolone (AP) induces opioid inhibition of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis responses to interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in pregnancy Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes · 2005 · 1 citations
    29. SUN-439 Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Disruption from Unregulated Glucocorticoid Use: A Case Series Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2025
    30. 804 Human hair follicles operate core elements of a functional peripheral equivalent of the central hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2024