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Both Th1 and Th2 immune responses are increased in alopecia areata, with Th2 response more strongly linked to how severe the disease is.

Topical tofacitinib is effective in promoting hair growth for non-scarring alopecia.

Alopecia areata is a reversible, autoimmune-related hair loss that can have significant emotional impact and uncertain treatment effectiveness.

Finasteride's stability and safety confirmed through precise analytical methods.

PCOS is a complex condition with major health impacts, needing more research for better diagnosis and treatment.

Fat-related cells are important for initiating hair growth.

Cushing's syndrome can cause serious health problems, and early treatment is crucial, but some issues may remain after treatment.

Future hair loss treatments should aim to extend hair growth, reactivate resting follicles, reverse shrinkage, and possibly create new follicles, with gene therapy showing promise.

Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.

Antiandrogens like flutamide are effective in treating conditions like prostate cancer and hair loss, but there's a need for more potent versions. Understanding their structure can help develop better treatments.

Genetic variation in the androgen receptor gene mainly causes early-onset hair loss, with maternal inheritance playing a key role.

Androgens may cause hair loss by increasing TGF-beta1 from scalp cells, which inhibits hair cell growth.

The PDGF/PDGFR pathway is a potential drug target with mixed success in treating various diseases, including some cancers and fibrosis.

Epigenetic changes control how adult stem cells work and can lead to diseases like cancer if they go wrong.

Scientists made working salivary glands in mice using bioengineered cells, which could help treat dry mouth.

Different types of stem cells in hair follicles play unique roles in wound healing and hair growth, with some stem cells not originating from existing hair follicles but from non-hair follicle cells. WNT signaling and the Lhx2 factor are key in creating new hair follicles.

Cancer cells often have more copies of TERT and TERC genes, which helps them grow and could affect patient outcomes.

Targeting the IL-23/IL-17 pathway effectively treats several inflammatory skin diseases.

Eating less sugar, milk, and saturated fats and more vegetables and fish may help treat and prevent acne.

Low doses of some substances can be beneficial, while high doses can be harmful or toxic.

Stress can stop hair growth in mice, and treatments can reverse this effect.

Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.

Overexpressing Dsg3 in mice skin causes excessive cell growth and abnormal skin development.

The document concludes that understanding the sebaceous gland's development and function is key to addressing related skin diseases and aging effects.

The document concludes that certain genetic mutations and dietary factors are involved in acne development, and treatments like isotretinoin and diet changes can help manage it.

Mutant CDP/Cux protein causes hair defects and reduced male fertility in mice.

The document concludes that dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis are linked to inflammation and skin changes, and treating them with specific shampoos can reduce these issues.

Skin changes can help diagnose and manage endocrine disorders like thyroid problems, diabetes, and adrenal gland conditions.

The document concludes that hirsutism is the main sign for diagnosing hyperandrogenism, which requires a detailed patient history and physical exam.

Drosha and Dicer are essential for hair follicle health and preventing DNA damage in skin cells.