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New effective scar treatments are urgently needed due to the current options' limited success.

The document concludes that the exact way alcohol causes harm to fetal development is unknown, but it significantly affects nutrient transport to the fetus and a safe level of alcohol during pregnancy is not determined.

Hair follicle stem cells are key for hair and skin regeneration, can be reprogrammed, and have potential therapeutic uses, but also carry a risk of cancer.

Exosomes could potentially enhance tissue repair and regeneration with lower rejection risk and easier production than live cell therapies.

Testosterone supplements can increase muscle mass and strength in older men with low levels, but long-term effects and risks need more research.

Vitiligo affects overall health and self-esteem, needing more research and awareness.

New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.

Methotrexate is a key, cost-effective drug for skin conditions, but requires careful monitoring for side effects.

Mood stabilizers like lithium and anticonvulsants have side effects that can lead to patients stopping their medication, and managing these effects is important for treatment adherence.

Some psychiatric medications can cause hair loss, but it usually grows back after adjusting the medication.

Lung repair involves both dedicated and flexible stem cells, important for developing new treatments.

Negative expectations can cause adverse effects in patients even without active treatment, and managing this nocebo effect involves better communication and patient-clinician relationships.

Pregnancy can change skin disease severity, with some conditions improving and others worsening, and treatment should balance benefits and fetal safety.

Testosterone therapy may slightly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women, but its long-term safety is unknown.

The document concludes that managing hirsutism involves identifying the cause, using a scoring system for severity, combining cosmetic and medical treatments, encouraging weight loss, and providing psychological support, while noting the need for more research on drug treatments.

Every elderly patient had at least one skin condition, often linked to other diseases, highlighting the need for integrated skin and general healthcare in the elderly.

Ozone therapy might improve cancer treatment and reduce its side effects.

Most treatments for spondyloarthritis are safe, but monitoring and careful selection based on patient risks are important.

Genetic counselors should be culturally skilled and aware of transgender patients' unique health risks and needs.

Tamoxifen caused hair loss in a 52-year-old woman.

International medical graduates outperformed U.S. graduates on an internal medicine exam.

International medical graduates outperformed U.S. graduates on an internal medicine exam.

Testosterone therapy seems safe for short-term use in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research on long-term effects is needed.

A patch made from human lung fibroblast material helps heal skin wounds effectively, including diabetic ulcers.

Inhalation therapy may repair and protect elastin in the lungs of COPD patients.

Most women with PCOS use positive coping strategies, but some with more psychological stress use negative ones.

Itraconazole may cause low platelet and white blood cell counts.

Transdermal testosterone can improve sexual desire in postmenopausal women but lacks long-term safety data and is not FDA-approved for this use.

Diagnosing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is hard due to varying symptoms, no set criteria, and the need for better tests and education.

Thai regional hospitals need more resources for better efficiency, and investment in quality could help Thailand become a medical tourism hub.