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Oophorectomy lowers testosterone and estrogen levels in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women, with postmenopausal women still producing significant testosterone.

Testosterone in older women can increase bone density, muscle mass, fat mass, improve memory, and boost libido, but may cause nipple color changes.

SHBG binding properties are unchanged in male liver cirrhosis patients.

Certain sex hormones and antiandrogens can either slow down or speed up the growth of human hair follicle cells depending on their concentration.

Low-dose spironolactone is safe and effective for treating hirsutism.

A 14-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with Swyer Syndrome and treated for a related cancer risk.

Measuring reproductive hormones in brown bear hair could help identify their sex and reproductive state, but better collection methods or lab techniques are needed.

The treatment significantly reduced hair growth and male hormone levels in hirsute women.

Women with premature ovarian insufficiency have a worse cardiovascular risk profile than premenopausal women.

Cyclosporine A therapy changes sex hormone levels differently in pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women with primary biliary cirrhosis.

Both birth control pills improved hormone levels and skin conditions in women with hyperandrogenism, but the one with drospirenone was more effective.

Cyproterone acetate plus ethinyl estradiol is generally more effective in treating hirsutism, but consider side effects and patient characteristics.

17β-estradiol may help hair growth by increasing cannabinoid receptor type 1.

Some women with acne have higher levels of free testosterone, which might suggest using hormonal treatments for acne.

Finasteride improves acne and hair loss in women with normal testosterone.

Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.

Different skin cells process testosterone differently, and certain drugs can change this process, possibly helping treat acne and hair loss.

Estrogen increases blood vessel growth factor production, while testosterone blocks this increase.

The estradiol valerate/dienogest oral contraceptive helps with heavy periods, may improve acne and symptoms in PCOS, and doesn't affect sexual function.

Cyproterone acetate with ethinyl estradiol is effective for treating skin symptoms related to high androgen levels, like in PCOS.

Metformin improves early signs of heart disease in women with PCOS and raises apelin levels, but doesn't significantly change artery thickness.

Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.

A transwoman developed a brain tumor after nine years of hormone therapy, suggesting a possible link between the treatment and tumor development.

HPV genes and estradiol increase a cancer-related signaling pathway, which may be targeted for cervical cancer treatment.

150 kHz electromagnetic radiation might help improve PCOS in rats.

17β-estradiol can reduce inflammation in the skin.

Cyproterone acetate with estradiol improved women's self-confidence and emotional well-being without a difference between oral or transdermal methods, but younger women preferred the oral method.

The levonorgestrel implant increases free testosterone and lowers SHBG more than DMPA-IM and the copper IUD.

A transman experienced lasting virilization symptoms after stopping testosterone, which were resolved with estradiol treatment.

Oral estradiol works for many transgender women but needs personalized dosing and monitoring.