October 2022 in “Journal of ophthalmology” This review discusses the implementation and mechanisms of photobiomodulation therapy in various medical fields, including ophthalmology, and reports no new clinical results.
6 citations
,
October 2018 in “Lasers in Medical Science” This article explores the potential of photobiomodulation for coronary health, suggesting protective effects after heart attacks and in inaccessible ischemic heart conditions, but presents no new clinical results.
44 citations
,
October 2017 in “Scientific Reports” This study found that far-infrared radiation preconditioning significantly enhanced the proliferation, survival, and migration of bone marrow-derived stem cells in vitro, indicating potential therapeutic benefits for cardiac ischemia treatment.
60 citations
,
November 2020 in “International Journal of Medical Sciences” This review highlights the potential of near-infrared light therapy to improve metabolic, antioxidant, and cognitive functions without adverse effects, and supports its use for visual and neurological conditions through molecular and cellular mechanisms, as reported in this source.
June 2026 in “Ophthalmology and Therapy” This review concluded that near-infrared and red light photobiomodulation shows potential for certain ocular conditions like age-related macular degeneration and dry eye disease, but clinical evidence is still mixed and insufficient to establish it as a standard therapy.
4 citations
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September 2023 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” In this study, the use of wellness apparel emitting red and NIR light was associated with improved disease severity in patients with mild elbow psoriasis, PMLE, and limited AA, though the small sample size and continued use of other treatments were noted as limitations.
1057 citations
,
November 2011 in “Annals of Biomedical Engineering” This review discusses the applications of low level laser therapy (LLLT) in wound healing, pain reduction, and treating various conditions, but reports no new clinical results; the authors highlight the need for randomized controlled trials for serious diseases.
January 2012 in “Human health handbooks” This review discusses the application of low-level light therapy for hair loss treatment, particularly androgenetic alopecia, and reports no new clinical results; the authors suggest consideration of light source characteristics and potential pros and cons.
62 citations
,
July 2018 in “Lasers in Medical Science” In this review, the researchers highlight LED therapy as an emerging and safe treatment for skin inflammatory conditions, aging, and hair growth disorders, noting its integration into dermatological practice but emphasizing the need for more controlled studies to confirm its efficacy.
January 2022 in “Case Reports in Clinical Medicine” This study observed that infrared light treatment promoted cellular repair and reduced neck tightness in a patient with acid burns in Pakistan.
520 citations
,
January 2017 in “AIMS biophysics” This review discusses the effects of photobiomodulation, particularly its potential to reduce inflammation in various conditions, but it does not report new clinical findings.
70 citations
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February 2015 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery” This review discusses current knowledge on the biological mechanisms of different types of alopecia but reports no new clinical findings; the authors highlight future research directions, especially regarding epidermal stem cells and immune pathways.
December 2018 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This review of low-level laser therapy for patterned hair loss found that red-spectrum light may be effective for hair growth, but larger case-controlled studies are needed to further support this conclusion.
January 2024 in “Materials chemistry frontiers (Online)” This study reviews recent advancements in near-infrared organic light-emitting diode (NIR OLED) technologies, focusing on their applications and the diverse luminescent materials used in their emissive layers.
6 citations
,
May 2025 in “Cosmetics” This review synthesizes research on solar radiation's multifaceted effects on skin and recent advancements in sunscreen technology, including formulation, testing methods, and the use of AI, to inform future sun protection product development.
July 2023 in “Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine” This review compiles existing research on infrared radiation's effects on human skin, noting both its potential harmful thermal impacts and encouraging therapeutic applications, but reports no new clinical results.
January 2019 in “Springer eBooks” This chapter discusses procedural therapies like platelet-rich plasma and low-level light therapy for androgenetic alopecia, but reports no new clinical findings.
March 2025 in “Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology” This study concluded that laser hair removal using Alexandrite laser emitting red and infrared light appears safe and does not significantly affect the disease activity of Systemic lupus erythematosus.
1 citations
,
June 2023 in “Cells” This review highlights exosomes as a promising treatment for skin damage from UV light, infrared radiation, burns, and disorders due to their anti-inflammatory properties, ability to induce macrophage polarization, and acceleration of skin repair and regeneration.
February 2024 in “Neurophotonics” This review highlights the potential of transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) as a non-invasive and affordable treatment for brain diseases, summarizing recent advances and successful protocols based on over two decades of research.
November 2025 in “Photochemistry and Photobiology” This review article identifies a need for standardized guidelines in using photobiomodulation therapy for spinal cord injury repair, emphasizing that current inconsistencies in therapy parameters may hinder optimal outcomes and limit clinical trials.
195 citations
,
January 2008 in “Photochemistry and Photobiology” This review discusses the effects of visible light on human skin, highlighting its role in pigmentation, thermal damage, and the treatment of several skin conditions, while noting limited sunscreen protection against it; no new clinical results are reported.
165 citations
,
August 2013 in “Lasers in Surgery and Medicine” This review discusses the potential mechanisms and evidence supporting low-level laser therapy for stimulating hair growth in men and women, while noting its safety and effectiveness but needing further study on specific parameters.
February 2009 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This pilot study found that fractional infrared technology improved skin laxity and thickness in the cervical area of four female patients without causing adverse effects.
65 citations
,
March 2016 in “Lasers in Medical Science” This review found that many low-level light therapy studies report beneficial effects but often fail to provide adequate measurement details, affecting the reliability and repeatability of the research.
24 citations
,
March 2015 in “Dermatologic Surgery” This review discusses the modest efficacy of home-use laser and light devices for conditions like hair removal and acne, noting limited evidence and a lack of robust trials.
6 citations
,
June 2013 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study found that intense pulsed light treatment primarily targets pigmented structures in hair follicles and may damage dermal papilla cells at high energy levels, but stem cells are mostly spared.
March 2026 in “Quality in Sport” This review evaluates photobiomodulation's diverse clinical uses in sports and medicine, reporting physiological modulation and potential therapeutic benefits, but emphasizes the importance of precise dosimetry for success.
8 citations
,
October 2020 in “Lasers in Medical Science” This review suggests that low-level light therapy can promote hair growth in patients with androgenetic alopecia, but more research is needed to standardize treatment parameters and assess long-term safety and efficacy.
6 citations
,
July 2021 in “Microbial biotechnology” This study found that combining LED yellow light with an engineered strain expressing CXCL12 improved wound healing and reduced inflammation in a mouse model of scald wounds.