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People with hair loss have more androgen receptors and enzymes in certain follicles, with men and women showing different patterns.

Prostate cancer cells can make their own androgens to activate the androgen receptor, and treatments like abiraterone may increase this ability, suggesting new therapies should target the entire steroid-making pathway.

β-catenin is essential for stem cell activation and proliferation in hair follicles.

Hair and nail cells share similar proteins, indicating a common differentiation pathway.

Basal cell carcinoma mostly starts from cells in the upper skin layers, not hair follicle stem cells.

Removing part of the vitamin D receptor stops vitamin D from working properly.

Vitamin D receptor interacts with certain dietary components to help prevent diseases and regulate hair growth.

The research shows that a gene called Wnt3 affects hair growth and structure, causing short hair and balding when overactive.

5% minoxidil works better for hair growth and density, with minor irritation.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles in sunscreen do not penetrate deep into the skin.

Mutations in the SRD5A3 gene cause a new type of glycosylation disorder by blocking the production of a molecule necessary for protein glycosylation.

Wnt1/βcatenin signaling is crucial for heart repair after injury.

Hair loss and aging are caused by the breakdown of a key protein in hair stem cells.

Chitin and chitosan are useful in cosmetics for oral care, haircare, and skincare, including UV protection and strength improvement.

Cells from balding scalps have more androgen receptors than cells from non-balding scalps.

Some patients taking finasteride or dutasteride may have ongoing sexual problems and depression even after stopping the medication.

Melatonin is important for skin health and protection, and can be made by the skin or applied to it.

5% and 2% minoxidil solutions effectively promote hair growth and reduce hair loss, with 5% being slightly more effective but having more side effects.

Mice lacking the PPARγ gene in their fat cells had almost no fat tissue, severe metabolic problems, and abnormal development of other fat-related tissues.

Tiny pollution particles called PM2.5 can harm skin cells by causing stress, damage to cell parts, and cell death.

The Multi-Organ-Chip improves the growth and quality of skin and hair in the lab, potentially replacing animal testing.

Antiandrogens like flutamide are effective in treating conditions like prostate cancer and hair loss, but there's a need for more potent versions. Understanding their structure can help develop better treatments.

Lecithin organogels could be good for applying drugs to the skin because they are stable, safe, and can improve drug absorption.

Calcium affects where root hairs grow, but other unknown factors determine their growth direction.

Male and female bodies respond differently to stress, influenced by hormones and development stages, with implications for stress-related diseases.

Stress stops hair growth in mice by causing early hair growth phase end and harmful inflammation through a specific nerve-related pathway.

Different animals have unique versions of the enzyme that changes testosterone into another hormone, which is important for creating effective treatments for prostate and hair loss conditions.

A new microneedle patch made from hair proteins helps regrow hair faster and better than current treatments.

Androgens may cause hair loss by increasing TGF-beta1 from scalp cells, which inhibits hair cell growth.

The document concludes that developing generic topical drugs requires ensuring they match the original in quality, composition, and structure, and often involves complex testing and regulatory steps.