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The document concludes that understanding hair structure is key to diagnosing hair abnormalities and recommends gentle hair care for management.

Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.

Foxp3 is crucial for regulatory T cell function, and targeting these cells may help treat immune disorders.

Cepharanthine is a well-tolerated drug with multiple medical uses, including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.

Substances from Chinese medicines show promise for immune support and disease prevention, but the way they are processed affects their effectiveness.

Finasteride effectively treats baldness but may cause sexual side effects.

Janus kinase inhibitors are promising treatments for autoimmune skin diseases like eczema and psoriasis.

Stem cell plasticity is crucial for wound healing but can also contribute to cancer development.

Targeting androgen receptors could be a promising way to treat skin disorders with fewer side effects.

MicroRNA-302 helps improve the conversion of body cells into stem cells by blocking NR2F2.

No single treatment is consistently effective for alopecia areata, and more research is needed.

Insulin sensitizers may slightly reduce hirsutism but are less effective than other treatments.

Hibiscus plant extracts may have health benefits like lowering blood pressure and protecting the heart.

Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

Potassium channel openers are effective in treating heart conditions, high blood pressure, pulmonary diseases, bladder issues, and hair loss, but more selective drugs are needed.

Most women with PCOS have high levels of male hormones, and free testosterone is the best marker for this.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.

Adult female acne treatment should be personalized, considering individual preferences and pregnancy, using various topical and oral medications while managing side effects and resistance.

Flutamide rarely causes liver toxicity in prostate cancer patients.

Children with atopic dermatitis often have sleep problems, affecting their growth and behavior.

Women with PCOS are more than twice as likely to develop nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

People with PCOS, especially if obese, often have NAFLD, linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen levels.

Smoking harms the skin, causing early aging and increasing cancer risk, but stopping smoking can improve skin health.

Cancer therapy can cause various skin problems, including hair loss, skin darkening, painful hand-foot syndrome, and severe skin damage.

Tiny particles from stem cells help activate hair growth cells and encourage hair growth in mice without being toxic.

New topical antifungals and delivery systems are improving treatment for fungal skin infections, but patient education and prevention are key.

Lignans and neolignans from plants may help protect against various health issues, including cancer and heart disease.

Liposomes could improve how skin care products work but are costly and not very stable.

More men are getting benign prostatic hyperplasia, and there are many treatments, from medication to surgery, with new methods being developed.