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Zinc, copper, and iron are important for skin health and may help diagnose skin diseases.

Bleaching damages hair by reducing the quality of keratin and keratin-associated proteins.

Low Vitamin D receptor levels in breast cancer are linked to worse outcomes and more bone metastases, and could be a marker for prognosis.

The FG score is better at detecting hyperandrogenism in PCOS patients than testosterone levels or FAI, but testosterone is the recommended test for diagnosis.

Skin and hair changes in horses can indicate serious diseases, and recognizing these signs is important for treatment and management.

Comma hairs are a new sign for identifying scalp fungal infections.

People with alopecia areata have different blood markers that suggest inflammation and immune system issues compared to healthy individuals.

CD3+ T-cell presence is a reliable marker to tell apart alopecia areata from pattern hair loss.

Trichoscopy helps diagnose and track alopecia areata by examining specific hair and scalp markers.

The issue covers reproductive health topics like cancer markers, incontinence treatments, and the impact of pre-term birth.

PTEN was identified as a specific marker for the skin disease cutaneous lupus erythematosus, and it helps increase the expression of harmful type I interferons.

Hirsutism and acanthosis nigricans are reliable skin signs of PCOS linked to metabolic issues, while acne is not a reliable marker of the condition.

The document suggests that clinical trials for PCOS should focus on meaningful primary outcomes like live birth rates, rather than less reliable surrogate markers.

Special and immunohistochemical stains are not routinely needed for diagnosing hair disorders.

Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune condition causing hair loss, influenced by genetics, environment, and possibly improved by anti-MIF therapy, with many patients experiencing regrowth within a year.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of male and female gonadal disorders is crucial for effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

Lab tests for female hair loss have unclear usefulness; consider based on symptoms.

Follicle Stimulating Hormone is important for fertility.

The document concludes that there have been significant improvements in diagnosing and treating skin diseases, including melanoma, with new techniques and therapies.

Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is hard because its symptoms often look like normal puberty, and there's a need for better diagnosis methods and agreement on criteria.

Hair loss can indicate or worsen with systemic diseases, and treating the underlying condition is important.

PCOS is a complex condition linked to hormonal imbalance and insulin resistance, with weight loss being important for management.

ANA-negative lupus nephritis can be diagnosed and treated effectively with a comprehensive approach.

Hirsutism and acanthosis nigricans are reliable skin signs of PCOS and suggest the need for further tests for related health issues.

Trichoscopy is good for telling apart tinea capitis and alopecia areata in kids.

Researchers created specific antibodies that detect a protein important in development and various conditions, and can be used for research and diagnosis.

AMH levels can't reliably tell the difference between LOCAH and all types of PCOS in women with excessive hair growth.

A clinically suspected melanoma appeared benign under the microscope but was confirmed by specific tests and a rare mutation.

Women with hair loss should be checked for PCOS, as it's often related and early diagnosis can help with treatment.

Androstenedione is better than testosterone for diagnosing PCOS in Indian women.