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The document says that understanding the causes of PCOS is important for treatment, especially in distinguishing the syndrome from just having cystic ovaries, and that losing weight is key for obese women with PCOS.

Trichoscopy is good for telling apart tinea capitis and alopecia areata in kids.

New techniques in scalp reconstruction have improved cosmetic results and reduced complications, especially for large defects.

Taking spironolactone and linestrenol for androgen excess can lead to lower bone density in young women.

PCOS may start before birth, involves metabolic issues, and can be treated with drugs like metformin and lifestyle changes.

Eyebrow transplantation can be successful for Asians with the right technique and care, but regular maintenance is necessary.

Trichoscopy is reliable for diagnosing Temporal Triangular Alopecia and can prevent unnecessary biopsies and wrong treatments.

Hair and scalp disorders significantly affect self-esteem, and using cosmetic products like conditioners and styling aids can improve hair health and appearance.

ARL15 is important for fat cell development and the release of the hormone adiponectin.

Low-dose finasteride reduces excessive hair growth in teenage girls safely and affordably.

Sex hormones affect hair and feather growth and may help manage alopecia and hormone-dependent cancers.

A boy with chromosome 13q deletion syndrome developed eye cancer, a woman with breast cancer lost vision due to a rare side-effect of her treatment, a man's vision worsened after using a hair loss drug, and two rare disorders were discussed. Optical Coherence Tomography is useful for diagnosing and monitoring these conditions.

Hair transplants can lead to hair loss from lichen planopilaris, and patients should be tested and wait two years before the procedure.

Most patients experienced hirsutism again after stopping hormone treatment, indicating long-term treatment is needed to maintain results.

Women with hyperandrogenic amenorrhea have similar bone density to healthy women but lower than androgenized women without amenorrhea, and high DHEAS levels might affect bone density.

Researchers identified specific genes that are important for mouse skin cell development and healing.

Hair and nails are similar keratin structures with different shapes and growth, affected by the same diseases and environmental factors.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

5α-Reductase inhibitors can help treat hair loss, acne, and prostate issues by reducing DHT levels.

A new PAX9 gene mutation causes missing teeth and hair problems, but not skin or nail issues.

Researchers found a new gene variant linked to a rare bone disease, which doesn't always cause symptoms in carriers.

Bleaching hair damages protein structure, especially keratin, leading to weakened hair.

Most cases of excessive hair growth in women are caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome and are linked to higher free testosterone levels.

Eye exams are crucial for kids with 13q deletion syndrome, tamoxifen can cause vision loss, Propecia may lead to cataracts, Lipoid Proteinosis causes skin bumps, and OCT is useful for diagnosing macular diseases.

Ruby laser hair removal significantly reduces hair density.

Unwanted facial hair significantly impacts over 40% of women's psychological and social well-being, and various treatment options are available.

The study concluded that testing hormone levels after stimulation is not reliable for identifying carriers of 21-hydroxylase deficiency; genetic testing is necessary.

Rabbits lacking the Hoxc13 gene show similar hair and skin issues to humans with ECTD-9, making them good for research on this condition.

Losing 5-10% body weight can improve PCOS symptoms, letrozole is better than clomiphene for fertility, and managing weight and blood sugar is important to reduce pregnancy complications.

Flutamide works better than finasteride for hirsutism, and combining both is slightly better but not much.