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The Rotterdam Study updated its design and objectives in 2012, providing insights into various diseases in the elderly, including skin cancer, bone health, liver disease, neurological and psychiatric conditions, and respiratory issues.

Ectodin integrates BMP, SHH, and FGF signals in developing ectodermal organs.

Fat cells help recruit healing cells and build skin structure during wound healing.

5% and 2% minoxidil solutions effectively promote hair growth and reduce hair loss, with 5% being slightly more effective but having more side effects.

Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss in men, while minoxidil treats hair loss in women.

Certain cells from hair follicles can create new hair and contribute to hair growth when implanted in mice.

Iron deficiency may be related to hair loss, but there's not enough evidence to recommend iron screening or supplements for all hair loss patients.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

The virus was not found in the semen and urine of a man who tested positive for COVID-19.

Regulatory T-cells are important for healing and regenerating tissues in various organs by controlling immune responses and aiding stem cells.

Jumonji genes are important for development and their mutations can cause abnormalities, especially in the heart and brain.

Demodicosis is common and often missed, needing more recognition and treatment in skin care.

HairMax LaserComb® effectively promotes hair growth and stops hair loss in males with androgenetic alopecia, with no serious side effects.

Some skin medications are safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but others can harm the baby and should be avoided.

The document concludes that recognizing and treating cutaneous lupus erythematosus early is crucial for managing the skin and potential systemic symptoms.

Androgens can cause hair growth in some areas and hair loss on the scalp.

TGF-β is crucial for controlling stem cell behavior and changes in its signaling can lead to diseases like cancer.

Palliative chemotherapy is cost-effective for advanced gastric and colorectal cancer but not clearly for pancreatic-biliary cancer.

The dermal papilla is crucial for hair growth and health, and understanding it could lead to new hair loss treatments.

The WNT signaling pathway is important in many diseases and targeting it could offer new treatments.

The document concludes that adenosine receptor agonists have potential for treating various conditions, but only a few are approved due to challenges like side effects and the need for selective activation.

The niche environment controls stem cell behavior and plasticity, which is important for tissue health and repair.

Different types of stem cells with unique roles exist in blood, skin, and intestines, and this variety is important for tissue repair.

Stem cell therapy, particularly using certain types of cells, shows promise for treating hair loss by stimulating hair growth and development, but more extensive trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Stem cells in the hair follicle are regulated by their surrounding environment, which is important for hair growth.

Different types of stem cells and their environments are key to skin repair and maintenance.

Forehead modification greatly increases the perception of femininity and is a safe procedure.

Allergic reactions to blood thinners are rare but can be serious, requiring careful testing and alternative treatments.

Different types of stem cells exist within individual skin layers, and they can adapt to damage, transplantation, or tumor growth. These cells are regulated by their environment and genetic factors. Tumor growth is driven by expanding, genetically altered cells, not long-lived mutant stem cells. There's evidence of cancer stem cells in skin tumors. Other cells, bacteria, and genetic factors help maintain balance and contribute to disease progression. A method for growing mini organs from single cells has been developed.

Probiotic bacteria improved skin and hair health in aged mice.