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    Glossary Bulge Cells

    specialized stem cells in hair follicles aiding growth and repair

    Bulge cells are specialized stem cells located in the hair follicle's bulge area, which is a region near the base of the hair follicle. These cells play a crucial role in hair growth and regeneration, as they have the ability to differentiate into various cell types needed for the hair follicle's structure and function. For professionals, it's important to note that bulge cells are also involved in wound healing and can contribute to the regeneration of the epidermis.

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    1. Cytokeratin 15 expression in central, centrifugal, cicatricial alopecia: new observations in normal and diseased hair follicles Journal of Cutaneous Pathology · 2011 · 14 citations
    2. Morphometric Analysis of the Human Scalp Hair Follicle: Practical Implications for the Hair Transplant Surgeon and Hair Regeneration Studies Dermatologic Surgery · 2010 · 51 citations
    3. Faculty Opinions recommendation of Lrig1 expression defines a distinct multipotent stem cell population in mammalian epidermis. Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · 2009
    4. Apoptosis coordinates with proliferation and differentiation during human hair follicle morphogenesis Journal of dermatological science · 2005 · 7 citations
    5. Immunopathogenesis of Primary Cicatricial Alopecia Research Portal (King's College London) · 2013
    6. Epidermal structure created by canine hair follicle keratinocytes enriched with bulge cells in a three‐dimensional skin equivalent model <i>in vitro</i>: implications for regenerative therapy of canine epidermis Veterinary dermatology · 2013 · 11 citations
    7. 1312 Nrf2 activation enhances the healing of cutaneous wounds through the activation of hair follicle stem cells Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2018
    8. Stem cells and alopecia: a review of pathogenesis British Journal of Dermatology · 2012 · 33 citations
    9. Compartmentalized organization: a common and required feature of stem cell niches? Development · 2010 · 63 citations
    10. Role of bulge epidermal stem cells and TSLP signaling in psoriasis EMBO molecular medicine · 2019 · 19 citations
    11. GMP-Compliant Culture of Human Hair Follicle Cells for Encapsulation and Transplantation Cell Transplantation · 2011 · 10 citations
    12. Reporting Live from the Epidermal Stem Cell Compartment! Cell Stem Cell · 2012 · 2 citations
    13. Stem cell markers (cytokeratin 15, CD34 and nestin) in primary scarring and nonscarring alopecia British Journal of Dermatology · 2009 · 54 citations
    14. Isolation, Cultivation, and Morphological Characteristics of Hair Follicle Adult Stem Cells in the Bulge Region in Mouse and Human Microscopy research · 2020 · 1 citations
    15. From neural crest cells to melanocytes: cellular plasticity during development and beyond Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · 2019 · 66 citations
    16. The Developmental & Molecular Requirements for Ensuring that Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Hair Follicle Bulge Stem Cells Have Acquired Competence for Hair Follicle Generation Following Transplantation Cell transplantation · 2021 · 4 citations
    17. Thymosin β<sub>4</sub>increases hair growth by activation of hair follicle stem cells The FASEB Journal · 2003 · 98 citations
    18. Involvement of Follicular Stem Cells in Forming Not Only the Follicle but Also the Epidermis Cell · 2000 · 1010 citations
    19. Réparer ou régénérer,il faut choisir… 2007 · 6 citations
    20. Single-cell sequencing combined with spatial transcriptomics reveals the characteristics of follicle-targeted inflammation patterns in primary cicatricial alopecia Cell & Bioscience · 2025
    21. Decision letter: Hair follicle epidermal stem cells define a niche for tactile sensation 2018
    22. Epidermal stem cell diversity and quiescence EMBO molecular medicine · 2009 · 168 citations
    23. Differential sensitivity of epidermal cell subpopulations to β-catenin-induced ectopic hair follicle formation Developmental Biology · 2010 · 43 citations
    24. Coexistence of Quiescent and Active Adult Stem Cells in Mammals Science · 2010 · 1201 citations
    25. Epidermal homeostasis: a balancing act of stem cells in the skin Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · 2009 · 1039 citations
    26. Regenerating the skin: a task for the heterogeneous stem cell pool and surrounding niche Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · 2013 · 133 citations
    27. Hair follicle stem cells in the pathogenesis of the scarring process in cutaneous lupus erythematosus Autoimmunity Reviews · 2009 · 31 citations
    28. An Ovol2‐Zeb1 transcriptional circuit regulates epithelial directional migration and proliferation EMBO Reports · 2018 · 30 citations
    29. Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Hair Follicle–Specific Gene, Hacl-1 Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 1994 · 25 citations
    30. Atypical Protein Kinase C Isoform, aPKCλ, Is Essential for Maintaining Hair Follicle Stem Cell Quiescence Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2015 · 24 citations