155 citations,
March 2006 in “The American Journal of Medicine” Women with PCOS have heart-related issues not because of obesity, but due to insulin resistance and low adiponectin levels.
45 citations,
February 2012 Obese women with PCOS are more likely to have fatty liver disease.
44 citations,
May 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Insulin resistance might not be enough to worsen blood vessel function in young, nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
9 citations,
May 2010 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Young women with PCOS and no other heart risk factors have normal heart function.
60 citations,
May 2011 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is linked to higher risk of hypertension and heart disease.
January 2020 in “International Journal of Research” High testosterone increases heart disease risk in women with PCOS.
47 citations,
September 2022 in “European Heart Journal” Women may need different blood pressure guidelines than men for heart disease prevention.
56 citations,
July 2008 in “European journal of endocrinology” Metformin and rosiglitazone improve blood vessel function in women with PCOS, with metformin also reducing insulin resistance and testosterone levels.
467 citations,
October 2014 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.
343 citations,
December 2008 in “Endocrine Reviews” Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.
2 citations,
June 2023 in “Food science & nutrition” Eating apples can help prevent heart disease, cancer, and other conditions because they have healthy plant chemicals.
June 1996 in “Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)” The document summarizes medical findings on topics like heart rhythm treatment, sleep apnea therapy, and various health conditions and treatments.
114 citations,
January 2014 in “World Journal of Gastroenterology” People with PCOS, especially if obese, often have NAFLD, linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen levels.
251 citations,
October 2014 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.
61 citations,
March 1981 in “Circulation” Minoxidil improves blood flow in heart failure patients.
1265 citations,
October 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The guideline suggests using specific criteria to diagnose PCOS, recommends various treatments for its symptoms, and advises screening for related health issues.
3 citations,
January 2024 in “Signal transduction and targeted therapy” Lymphatic vessels are essential for health and can be targeted to treat various diseases.
169 citations,
February 2018 in “Immunity” Inactive stem cells in hair follicles and muscles can avoid detection by the immune system.
Different types of sun exposure damage skin cells and immune cells, with chronic exposure leading to more severe and lasting damage.
42 citations,
December 2011 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” RANKL causes lymph nodes to grow by making certain cells multiply.
50 citations,
March 2011 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Spironolactone improved blood vessel function and cholesterol levels in non-obese women with PCOS.
31 citations,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Women with androgen excess, especially those with PCOS, have a much higher risk of heart disease and stroke.
658 citations,
June 2003 in “Endocrine reviews” Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.
200 citations,
October 2009 in “European journal of endocrinology” Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.
2 citations,
April 2023 in “Pharmaceuticals” Testosterone therapy for postmenopausal women appears safe and may protect against heart disease, but requires constant monitoring and more research for long-term effects.
176 citations,
June 2017 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews” Erectile dysfunction is increasingly common in men under 40, with many physical and psychological causes, and various treatment options available.
October 2013 in “Journal of the American College of Cardiology” Blood pressure that doesn't drop at night is linked to worse blood vessel function in people with high blood pressure.
16 citations,
October 2007 in “Andrologia” DHT is a strong androgen that may pose less risk to the prostate compared to testosterone.
81 citations,
May 2007 in “Fertility and Sterility” Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.
2 citations,
September 2019 in “Acta Cardiologica” Women with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia have higher risk for heart and metabolic problems.