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    Glossary Antigen-Presenting Cells

    help activate T-cells by displaying foreign antigens

    Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs) are a type of immune cell that helps the body recognize and fight off pathogens. They capture antigens (foreign substances) and present them on their surface to T-cells, which then initiate an immune response. Examples of APCs include dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells.

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    1. Nanoparticle-Based Targeting of Vaccine Compounds to Skin Antigen-Presenting Cells By Hair Follicles and their Transport in Mice 2008 · 119 citations
    2. A Chronic Contact Eczema Impedes Migration of Antigen-Presenting Cells in Alopecia Areata Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2006 · 24 citations
    3. Antigen presenting cells in the skin of a patient with hair loss and systemic lupus erythematosus. PubMed · 2009 · 9 citations
    4. Targeting of Skin Antigen-Presenting Cells Journal of Animal Science · 2010
    5. Particle-based transcutaneous administration of HIV-1 p24 protein to human skin explants and targeting of epidermal antigen presenting cells Journal of Controlled Release · 2014 · 30 citations
    6. 40nm, but not 750 or 1,500nm, Nanoparticles Enter Epidermal CD1a+ Cells after Transcutaneous Application on Human Skin 2006 · 323 citations
    7. Skin CD4+ memory T cells exhibit combined cluster-mediated retention and equilibration with the circulation Nature communications · 2016 · 155 citations
    8. Follicular transport route – Research progress and future perspectives European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics · 2009 · 211 citations
    9. Size-dependent penetration of nanoemulsions into epidermis and hair follicles: implications for transdermal delivery and immunization Oncotarget · 2017 · 96 citations
    10. Delivery and targeting of nanoparticles into hair follicles Therapeutic Delivery · 2014 · 94 citations
    11. Nanoparticle Adjuvants Incorporating Haptens Drive Potent Immune Tolerance to Accelerate Hair Regrowth ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · 2025
    12. Regulatory T cells in skin Immunology · 2017 · 110 citations
    13. T-cell “induced-self” MHC class I/peptide complexes may enable “de novo” tolerance induction to neo-antigens occurring outside of the thymus Experimental dermatology · 2016 · 8 citations
    14. Folliculotropic Mycosis Fungoides with Skewed T-cell Receptor CDR3 Motif: Suggestive of Lipid-antigen Selection? Acta Dermato Venereologica · 2017 · 3 citations
    15. Down-RANKing the Threat of HSV-1: RANKL Upregulates MHC-Class-I-Restricted Anti-Viral Immunity in Herpes Simplex Virus Infection Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2015 · 2 citations
    16. Attending persistent T cell activation in alopecia areata : A therapeutic option Repository KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) · 2011
    17. Highly Upregulated Lhx2 in the Foxn1−/− Nude Mouse Phenotype Reflects a Dysregulated and Expanded Epidermal Stem Cell Niche PloS one · 2013 · 6 citations
    18. Establishment and characterization of five immortalized human scalp dermal papilla cell lines Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · 2018 · 16 citations
    19. Immunology of the Human Nail Apparatus: The Nail Matrix Is a Site of Relative Immune Privilege Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2005 · 139 citations
    20. Expression of CD1d in human scalp skin and hair follicles: hair cycle related alterations Journal of Clinical Pathology · 2005 · 16 citations
    21. Allogeneic Hair Transplantation with Enhanced Survival by Anti-ICAM-1 Antibody with Short-Term Rapamycin Treatment in Nonhuman Primates 2016 · 4 citations
    22. PATHOGENETICALLY SIGNIFICANT RISK FACTORS FOR DEVELOPMENT ANDROGENETIC ALOPECIA. Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2023
    23. Why we should treat COVID-19 Long-Hauler Syndromes with Convalescent Plasma; Contained Suppressive Exosomes are likely COVID antigen-specific Authorea (Authorea) · 2024
    24. 035 Expansion of bacterial phosphatidylglycerol reactive CD4+ T cells in atopic dermatitis Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2021
    25. Regulatory T Cell Heterogeneity in the Steady State and Tumor Immune Network · 2026
    26. A transcriptomic map of murine and human alopecia areata JCI Insight · 2020 · 26 citations
    27. Proliferative, lymphocytic, infundibular mural folliculitis and dermatitis with prominent follicular apoptosis and parakeratotic casts in four Labrador retrievers: preliminary description and response to therapy Veterinary dermatology · 2013 · 10 citations
    28. In This Issue Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2003
    29. Orders & Contracts Pump Industry Analyst · 2013
    30. Resident macrophages of the lung and liver: The guardians of our tissues Frontiers in Immunology · 2022 · 4 citations