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In this study, the researchers used dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and found that women with polycystic ovary syndrome exhibit a central fat distribution pattern despite not having increased overall fat compared to controls, suggesting this method's potential utility in diagnosing and monitoring PCOS.

This source critically examines the limitations of using BMI to assess obesity in women, especially during reproductive, pregnancy, and postmenopausal stages, and discusses more precise alternative methods for evaluating obesity in line with sex-specific healthcare needs.

This randomized clinical trial found that vitamin D supplementation did not significantly alter anthropometric or metabolic parameters in obese, insulin-resistant, and vitamin D-deficient women with polycystic ovary syndrome, whereas metformin effectively reduced body weight, BMI, waist circumference, total body fat, and serum glucose levels.

This study found no significant differences in fat distribution between Thai women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome, though PCOS women with abnormal glucose tolerance showed higher arm fat.

This review highlights the connection between sex hormones and metabolic dysfunction, emphasizing how conditions like male hypogonadism and female hyperandrogenism can increase the risk and severity of hepatic steatosis, which often progresses alongside metabolic syndrome and elevates mortality risks.

This narrative review suggests that, after at least two years of gender-affirming hormone therapy, nonathletic transgender individuals tend to have physical performance levels similar to cisgender individuals, though more controlled research is necessary, particularly among trans athletes.

In this pilot randomized clinical trial, TRT combined with finasteride increased lean mass, muscle size, and bone mineral density without prostate enlargement in men with spinal cord injury, suggesting potential benefits for body composition and musculoskeletal health.

This review discusses the range and causes of adipose tissue diseases, emphasizing genetic and acquired forms of lipodystrophy, but it reports no new clinical results.

This article discusses the various manifestations and diagnostic challenges of polycystic ovarian syndrome and reviews its associated symptoms and clinical heterogeneity but reports no new clinical findings.

This article discusses the role of suction-assisted lipectomy (SAL) and the hCG method in obesity management, highlighting the speculative benefits of hCG but reporting no new clinical findings.

This review discusses the features and diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in obese children and reports no new findings, highlighting the need for a uniform pediatric definition and early intervention.

This study suggests that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, alone or with metformin or GLP1RA, may improve metabolic and hormonal parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

This review discusses the effects of hormonal treatments on the physical and mental health of transgender individuals, reporting significant reductions in mental health issues following treatment, but calls for more research on long-term and nonbinary outcomes.

This study examined the relationship between asprosin levels and polycystic ovary syndrome, finding no statistically significant difference in asprosin levels between patients and healthy controls, although differences in fetuin a levels were significant.

This review discusses the profound impact of obesity on skin physiology and dermatologic conditions and reports no new experimental results, recommending awareness and treatment strategy development for obesity-associated dermatoses.

This review discusses the categorization of hair loss and increased hair density disorders related to systemic diseases and reports no clinical results, emphasizing the potential diagnostic value of history, physical examination, and histopathologic data.

This review discusses the influence of androgens on hair and sebaceous growth, emphasizing that response may depend more on peripheral sensitivity than on hormone levels; it reports no new empirical results.

This study found that obese Taiwanese women had a lower incidence of acne than non-obese women, despite having higher serum testosterone levels.

This study found that many adolescent girls in Pakistan were unaware of their PCOS symptoms, which are associated with a high prevalence and may be linked to dietary habits affecting menstrual cycles.

This study found that irregular menstrual cycles in Brazilian adolescents were significantly associated with a higher occurrence of metabolic syndrome and polycystic ovary syndrome indicators.

This article discusses the rising prevalence and serious implications of childhood obesity and reports no new experimental findings; the authors emphasize the importance of prevention and early intervention through comprehensive management programs.

This study showed that regulation of adipose androgen generation via AKR1C3 may contribute to a cycle of hyperinsulinaemia and lipid accumulation in women with PCOS.

This review examines menopause's endocrinology, treatment history, and associated changes, noting key issues for midwife management but reports no new clinical results.

In this study, ovarian SAHA was found to be independently associated with a more insulin-resistant profile and increased risk of glucose abnormalities in women with PCOS, beyond common risk factors.

This consensus report reviews current knowledge and identifies knowledge gaps concerning the various health aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome, without presenting new clinical findings.

The study found that severe insulin resistance and premature diabetes are common in patients with PCNT genetic defects, primarily affecting those over four years old, while not impacting early insulin signaling in adipocytes.

This article discusses the complexities of androgen and antiandrogen therapies in women, detailing diagnostic measures, the effects on libido, and the potential benefits of new progestins with antiandrogenic properties, but presents no new empirical findings.

This review discusses the relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and cardiovascular risk, noting a possible adverse impact on risk profiles and subclinical atherosclerosis but no clear increase in premenopausal cardiovascular events; it presents no new clinical results.

This review discusses the various evidence-based and potential applications of metformin in treating and preventing symptoms and complications associated with polycystic ovary syndrome but reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the association between vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and polycystic ovary syndrome, noting the need for further research on their impact on the disorder's manifestations.