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Glossary Protein kinases

enzymes that add phosphate groups to proteins

Protein kinases are enzymes that modify other proteins by adding a phosphate group to them, a process known as phosphorylation. This modification can change the activity, location, or function of the target protein, playing a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes such as growth, division, and signaling pathways.

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research Overexpression of protein kinase C-α in the epidermis of transgenic mice results in striking alterations in phorbol ester-induced inflammation and COX-2, MIP-2 and TNF-α expression but not tumor promotion

135 citations , October 1999 in “Journal of Cell Science”

This study found that overexpression of PKCα in mouse epidermis increases expression of specific proinflammatory mediators and induces inflammation but does not significantly affect epidermal differentiation, proliferation, or tumor promotion with TPA.

research Transgenic mice overexpressing protein kinase C epsilon in their epidermis exhibit reduced papilloma burden but enhanced carcinoma formation after tumor promotion.

99 citations , February 2000 in “PubMed”

This study found that overexpression of PKCepsilon in transgenic mice reduced papilloma development but accelerated carcinoma formation in a skin tumor promotion model.

research Protein Kinase C as a Therapeutic Target

87 citations , September 2006 in “Clinical Cancer Research”

This article reviews the diverse roles of protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes in cancer biology, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets, but reports no new experimental results.

research Protein kinase Cepsilon is linked to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha ectodomain shedding and the development of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in protein kinase Cepsilon transgenic mice.

79 citations , October 2003 in “PubMed”

In this study, PKCepsilon transgenic mice showed increased TNFalpha shedding during skin tumor promotion, which may contribute to the development of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma.

research Protein Kinase Cε, which Sensitizes Skin to Sun's UV Radiation–Induced Cutaneous Damage and Development of Squamous Cell Carcinomas, Associates with Stat3

76 citations , February 2007 in “Cancer Research”

This study reported that UVR induced PKCε phosphorylation of Stat3 in transgenic mice, suggesting a role in enhancing sensitivity to UVR-related skin cancer development.

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community Korean scientists breakthrough in hair regeneration targeting CXXC5 protein and WNT Signaling Pathway

53 upvotes 8 years ago

A potential non-invasive topical treatment targeting the WNT Signaling Pathway for hair regeneration is being researched, with positive results on human hair follicle cells. Current effective treatments for hair loss include Minoxidil, finasteride, and hair transplantation.

community New Research- Creatine Increasing Scalp DHT Without Corresponding Serum DHT Increase

121 upvotes 2 years ago

Creatine may increase scalp DHT without affecting serum DHT, potentially speeding up male pattern baldness (MPB) for those genetically prone. Treatments mentioned include Minoxidil, finasteride, and RU58841.

community Better Than Minoxidil? Topical Sodium Valproate

50 upvotes 1 year ago

Topical sodium valproate may promote hair growth by inhibiting GSK3β, allowing beta-catenin to proliferate, but it has potential side effects and requires more research. The conversation also mentions skepticism about a product called Vdphlo1, which includes sodium valproate and other ingredients.

community How ET-02 Works. Also no proof that it's better than Minoxidil. At least for now.

44 upvotes 1 year ago

ET-02, a PAI-1 inhibitor, is not proven to be more effective than Minoxidil for hair loss. Other treatments like finasteride, dutasteride, PP405, and AMP-303 are also discussed, focusing on cellular senescence and oxidative stress.

community Creatine is the opposite of minoxidil !

324 upvotes 10 months ago

Creatine may counteract minoxidil's hair growth effects by closing potassium ATP channels, potentially leading to hair loss in predisposed individuals. Despite anecdotal reports, there is no conclusive evidence linking creatine to hair loss.

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learn Stem Cell Factor

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bioflavonoid found in plants with antioxidant and hair stimulating properties

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