December 2025 in “Pharmaceutics” This review highlights the potential of drug-loaded extracellular vesicles as a promising drug delivery platform but notes that clinical translation faces challenges due to variability in methods and the need for standardization and safety evaluation.
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December 2011 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” This study found that phyto-vesicles of ß-sitosterol showed better absorption and improved activity for treating androgenetic alopecia in rats compared to the compound and its complex.
May 2026 in “Medical Sciences” This review found that vesicle-based therapies, including mammalian MSC-derived and plant-derived vesicles, consistently promote wound healing in preclinical models of thermal injury and may offer a safer alternative to live cell transplants.
May 2026 in “International Journal of Biological Macromolecules” In this study, researchers developed a biomacromolecular hydrogel to deliver plant-derived extracellular vesicles for treating androgenetic alopecia in a mouse model, which significantly improved hair regrowth and follicle density by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
April 2026 in “ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces” In this study, researchers developed a fast-dissolving microneedle patch delivering minoxidil nanoparticles and plant-derived vesicles, which improved hair regrowth and follicle health in a mouse model of androgenetic alopecia by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation without causing skin irritation or systemic toxicity.