August 2019 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Frontal fibrosing alopecia may be caused by an autoimmune reaction and hormonal imbalance.
January 2026 in “Frontiers in Medicine” This article questions whether frontal fibrosing alopecia and fibrosing androgeneic patterned hair loss are overlapping conditions or stages of the same process, calling for further research to clarify their underlying factors.
January 2026 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” This study found that targeting both hormonal and immune pathways improved treatment outcomes in androgenetic alopecia patients with an under-recognized inflammatory component called PIILIF, which may contribute to treatment resistance.
January 2026 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” This study evaluated 129 patients with androgenetic alopecia and identified an inflammatory pattern of perifollicular infiltration linked to treatment resistance. Targeting both hormonal and immune pathways improved outcomes for 67% of patients, suggesting inflammation may play a role in some cases of stubborn hair loss.
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January 2021 in “Mediators of Inflammation” In this study, 15d-PGJ2 administered in a topical cream inhibited oxidative and inflammatory skin changes caused by UVB radiation in hairless mice, suggesting it as a promising treatment approach.