September 2023 in “Fides et Ratio” This paper reviews the current lack of evidence on the safety and effectiveness of gender-affirming therapies in minors with gender dysphoria, highlighting ethical and legal concerns, including possible long-term consequences such as infertility.
19 citations
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February 2021 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation” This review discusses the challenges and research gaps in transgender health care, highlighting the need for dedicated research infrastructure and funding to develop a more comprehensive evidence base.
186 citations
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February 2015 in “Frontiers in Neuroscience” This review discusses the complex effects of testosterone on the brain, emphasizing sex differences, and reports no clinical results; the authors highlight the inconsistencies in current study findings.
57 citations
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December 2018 in “JAMA Surgery” This systematic review suggests that current evidence does not support routinely discontinuing gender-affirming hormone treatments before surgery, especially testosterone and spironolactone, due to limited data on related perioperative risks.
8 citations
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December 2022 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” This review discusses the roles of sex hormones in COVID-19 progression and highlights conflicting evidence on their protective effects and the complexity of sex and gender influences on the disease.