September 2023 in “Translational medicine reports” This case study reported that an 18-year-old woman ingested a large amount of topical minoxidil, leading to symptoms like low blood pressure, increased heart rate, and elevated liver enzymes, but recovered fully after treatment. Minoxidil toxicity may rarely cause abnormal liver enzyme levels.
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February 2021 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This retrospective pilot study found that oral tofacitinib was more effective in treating alopecia areata than alopecia universalis, but relapses were common after treatment cessation.
December 2023 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This study found that baricitinib, taken for 24 weeks, significantly reduced alopecia severity in patients with moderate-to-severe alopecia areata, with 50% showing marked improvement and overall favorable safety and efficacy reported.
June 2026 in “International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences” This study compared the adverse effects of baricitinib and methotrexate in treating severe alopecia areata and found baricitinib to have a better safety profile, though it was associated with increased cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL levels.
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November 2019 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study suggests that oral tofacitinib may be an effective treatment for beard regrowth in men with alopecia areata of the beard, with a strong correlation observed between beard and scalp hair regrowth.